The Follett Family of Heatherton and Cheltenham

I wrote this article for the Friends of Cheltenham Cemeteries newsletter, Raves From the Graves and it was published in the April 2024 issue. I am not related to the family, however, as I discovered, the 'original' Follets, Joseph and Harriett, came from South Petherton in Somerset, as did my 3x great grandfather, Jacob Lawrence, who came to Victoria in May 1849. The reason I started researching the Follett family is because I came across a report of the Golden Wedding of William and Mary Follett of Cheltenham in the Koo Wee Rup Sun in July 1924 and wondered what their connection to Koo Wee Rup was, and the research led to this story.

 The Follett Family of Heatherton and Cheltenham

There are many members of the Follett family buried at the Cheltenham Pioneer Cemetery and the Cheltenham Memorial Park. As one of their obituaries noted  - The name Follett is synonymous with Heatherton and Cheltenham, and quite a large family bearing the same name resides throughout these townships and at Mentone. (1) 

Joseph and Harriett (nee Hill) Follett arrived in Geelong on the Victory on December 24, 1852, with their two sons. Joseph was 26, Harriett was 23, James was three and William was one year old. Both Joseph and Harriett could read and they were members of the Church of England. They had come from South Petherton, in Somerset. Florence Chuk, in her book The Somerset Years: Government assisted emigrants from Somerset and Bristol who arrived in Port Phillip/Victoria 1839-1854 notes that the Folletts, were an old family in this market town: a Mary and Robert ffollett were listed in the Hearth tax records of March 6, 1670. Mrs Chuk also writes that at the time South Petherton was a market town where approximately half the workers were tradesmen or craftsmen of some kind or other, while others were employed on the land. (2)

Joseph’s uncles - his mother’s brothers - Simeon and Thomas Male had already migrated from South Petherton, having arrived with their families on July 23, 1841 on the George Fyffe. The Males settled at Brighton where they were saw-millers. Thomas died, aged 43 on October 13, 1856 after he was thrown from his cart and is buried at  the Brighton Cemetery in a double grave with other family members, including his wife Eliza (nee Dunstone) who had died the previous December from childbirth at the age of 41. Simeon died in 1868, aged 61 and his wife Esther (nee Laver) in 1855, aged 45. The brothers are the source of the name Male Street in Brighton. (3)  

It is more than likely that this family connection to the Male Brothers  influenced the decision of Joseph and Harriett to settle initially in Mordialloc. The 1862 Moorabbin District Road Board rate books list the Folletts in Centre Road, where they took up market gardening and dairying, and later in the Heatherton / Cheltenham area.  Joseph and Harriett had seven more children in Victoria - George (1854), Mary (1857), James (1860), Harriett (1863), Charles (1865), Joseph (1867) and Sarah (1871). (4)

Sadly, as was all too common in those times, four of the children died young - James, the eldest child who had been born in England, was found drowned in a waterhole on October 22, 1856, aged 8; Harriett died at 16 months old; Joseph died at the age of two; and Sarah died at the age of eleven. The four children are buried at the Brighton General Cemetery in the same grave as parents, Joseph and Harriett. Joseph, died on November 17, 1889 aged 63, at Boundary Road, Dingley. Harriett, died May 17, 1915, aged 86. (5)

Harriett Follett (1829-1915)

The Moorabbin News of May 22, 1915 published this short obituary of Harriett Follett -
The death is announced of Mrs. H Follett, relict of the late Joseph Follett. The sad event took place on Monday last at the residence of her daughter in Old Dandenong Road. Deceased was a colonist of 62 years and had been gradually failing for some years. She was 87 years of age at the time of her demise. Mrs Follett was the mother of Mrs Besant, William, George, James and Charles Follett. Her remains were interred in Brighton cemetery on Wednesday, where a large number of friends and relatives attended.  Messrs Rose Bros., had charge of the funeral arrangements. (6)

Of the five surviving children of Joseph and Harriett, four were buried at the Cheltenham Pioneer Cemetery. By my calculations they also had 37 grandchildren of whom 21 are buried at the Pioneer Cemetery and three at the Cheltenham Memorial Park. (7)  We will look at the lives of the five surviving children.

William Follett (1851-1929)
William, who had came out with his parents as a one year old married Mary Elizabeth Taylor, of Berwick on July 2, 1874. Mary was the fifth child of John and Emily (nee Tyler) Taylor, and was only one year old when her mother died in 1853. (8)

William was a market gardener and they had ten children, all the births were registered at Cheltenham – Joseph William (1875-1950), Edward John (1876-1907), George (1878-1950), James (1880-1961), Elizabeth Emily (1881-1881), Albert Thomas (1883-1942), Alfred (1885-1885), Alexander Robert (1887-1967), Harriett Emily (1887-1957) and Ellen (1889-1889). (9)

Willian Follett (1851-1929)

William and Mary were fortunate to celebrate their Golden Wedding Anniversary and there was a report of this event in the Koo Wee Rup Sun of July 17, 1924 -
The golden wedding of Mr and Mrs Wm. Follett, of “Seaview,” Balcombe Road, Cheltenham, was celebrated at their residence on Wednesday, July 2nd, and was attended by forty relatives of the family, including five sons and one daughter, 23 grand children and one great grandchild. The ceremony was more interesting by reason of the fact that on that day Mrs Follett celebrated her 73rd birthday.

Mr Follett arrived in this country in his youthful days, and resided at Heatherton, where he entered upon gardening pursuits. His marriage to Miss Mary Elizabeth Taylor, of Berwick, was celebrated at the Church of England, Melbourne, by Rev. A. Turner, and they drove from Heatherton to the church, as in those days a district train service was unknown. Twenty-five years ago Mr Follett retired from gardening and removed to Balcombe Road with his wife to spend the evening of their lives in the neighbourhood of two of their sons.

A pleasing feature of the celebration was the receipt of many letters and telegrams of congratulations from old residents of the district. On behalf of the family a presentation of a clock was made to Mr and Mrs Follett, senr. (10)

If you want to know why this report was published in the Koo Wee Rup Sun it was because two of William and Mary’s children lived there at the time – George and his wife Charlotte; and Albert and his wife Violet (nee Besant, his first cousin). Charlotte met with an unusual accident in 1924, as the Koo Wee Rup Sun reported in June –
On Thursday morning last Mrs J. Macain, of Kooweerup, while attending to domestic duties, had the misfortune to run a darning needle into her right hand. She was conveyed to Dandenong, where under X-rays, the needle was discovered deeply imbedded in the flesh. She had to undergo an operation to have it extracted, and it is pleasing to record she is making satisfactory progress. Only the previous week Mrs G. Follett, of Kooweerup, met with a similar accident, and had to go to Dandenong. She is also making rapid recovery. (11)

The Weekly Times interviewed George Follett about his farm and farming methods at Koo Wee Rup in February 1932, and he mentioned his previous experience at Mentone - 

Mr. Follett formerly was engaged in market gardening at Mentone, and that probably accounts for the neatness and attention to detail which are so much in evidence about his place. "It is 16 years since I came to Koo-Wee-Rup with £1400, the savings of 17 years," he told me. "I paid £39 an acre for 84 acres, and unfortunately struck a flood the first year, during which I could not work the property. That meant a severe blow but I was able to carry on, and four years ago acquired another 40 acres at £45 an acre." (12)

William died on October 5, 1929 at his home, 250 Balcombe Road, Mentone aged 78; Mary died on April 15, 1930, at a private hospital in Cheltenham, aged 78. They are buried together in the Pioneer Cemetery. Nine of their ten children are also buried at the Pioneer Cemetery (Alexander was cremated at Springvale). (13)  

Also buried at Cheltenham was Mary’s father, John Taylor. His short obituary was in the South Bourke & Mornington Journal of September 19, 1906 - Mr John Taylor, a very old resident of Berwick, died at the residence of his daughter, Mrs Wm. Follett, Balcombe Road, Cheltenham, on Sunday week. Deceased had reached the old age of 88 years. (14)

George Follett (1854-1918)
George was the first child of Joseph and Harriett to be born in Victoria. He married Mary Louise Porter, in 1881. Mary was the daughter of James and Hannah (nee Davey) Porter. They were also from South Petherton, having arrived in Victoria on the Mooltan on August 2, 1853. They took up farming at Centre Road, and are listed as a neighbour to Joseph Follett in the 1862 Rate Books for the Moorabbin District Road Board. Hannah Porter, actually gave evidence at the inquest of 8-year-old James Follett, when he drowned in the waterhole in October 1856, and she was the one who pulled his lifeless body out of the water. (15)

George and Mary had seven children, all the births were registered in Cheltenham -  Sarah Ann (1882-1883), Walter Charles (1884-1950), Herbert George (1887-1957), Hannah Mary (1888-1889), Frederick (1890-1966), Lillian Hannah (1892-1892) and  Hilda May (1893-1893). As you can see, the four little girls died tragically young, and they are all buried at the Pioneer Cemetery. (16)  Their deaths naturally had an effect on Mary and on December 15, 1896 she was admitted to the Sunbury Lunatic Asylum as mentally [she] was the subject of chronic mania. Mary was still in the Asylum when she died on January 23, 1915 of pulmonary tuberculosis, at the age of 53 years of age. (17)  Such a sad life for her, for George and her three boys, who essentially grew up without their mother being actively present in their lives.

George Follett (1854-1918)

George died three years later on February 7, 1918. His obituary in the Cheltenham Seaside News of February 9, 1918 was very informative -
With tragic and startling suddenness Mr. G Follett passed away at his residence, Cheltenham, last Thursday morning. He retired as usual on the night previous and was taken a cup of tea by his house keeper, Mrs Lucas at 7 a.m., on the day mentioned.

Shortly afterwards a peculiar bump was heard and upon Mrs Lucas entering Mr Follett's room, she found him lying in a helpless condition on the floor. Medical assistance was obtained, but deceased had passed away "to that bourn from which no traveler Returns” Mr Follett was an enthusiastic bowler and billiard player, and played both games as usual on Wednesday evening. He was 64 years of age, son of the late Mr J. Follett and father of Mr Walter Follett, Heatherton, Mr Fred Follett, now on active service, and Mr H. Follett at Koo-wee-rup. His wife predeceased him a few years ago.

He was born at Heatherton and has lived the whole of his life in the district. The name Follett is synonymous with Heatherton and Cheltenham, and quite a large family bearing the same name resides throughout these town ships and at Mentone. The late Mr Follett originally lived opposite the Heatherton State school, and later removed to the old homestead of his father in Boundary road. Some five years ago, he retired from a successful market gardening business after a strenuous series of years. He was taking things easy, enjoying his latter years in comparative comfort. Mr Follett was a good sport, quiet and unassuming, genial in disposition equally able to enjoy a joke against himself as to participate in one against his friends. He enjoyed nothing better than in exchanging reminiscences of the early days, and was always interesting to listen to - possessing a quiet shrewd sense of humor, and was always a gentleman.

The funeral leaves Mr Follett's late residence 'Oakwood,’ Pt. Nepean road, at 3 p.m. to-day. Owing to the suddenness of the death, a post mortem elimination was held by Dr. Morris on yesterday morning. After due examination a verdict was recorded that death was due to cardiac dilatation and degeneration. (18)

George and Mary are buried at the Pioneer Cemetery, as is their son Herbert; Walter is at Springvale and Frederick in New South Wales. (19)

Mary Besant (1857-1944)
Mary, the daughter of Joseph and Harriett, married Alfred Besant in 1879. Alfred and Mary were market gardeners from Heatherton. Alfred was the son of Alfred and Sarah (nee Warry) Besant, and they were also a local farming family, with Alfred senior listed at Springvale Road in the 1864 Rate books and later at Kingston Road. (20)

Mary and Alfred had nine children, the births were all registered in Cheltenham -  Everilda (1880-1972), Albert Alfred (1881-1962), Frank (1883-1950), Violet Harriett (1884-1966), Walter George (1886-1939), Charles Edwin (1887-1891), Ernest William (1890-1913), Elsie Sarah (1891-1979) and Harold Joseph (1893-1968). (21)

The 1900 Shire of Moorabbin Rate books list Arthur as owning 37 acres on Kingston Road, which was most likely Alfred senior; and Mary Besant as owning 7½ acres on Old Dandenong Road and leasing two other parcels of land from her brothers, both of ten acres and both with a house also on Old Dandenong Road. I presume some of her sons lived and farmed there. (22)

Mary Besant (1857-1944)

The Besant family grave at the Pioneer Cemetery is a triple grave, with three headstones. They commemorate - Sarah Besant, Mary’s mother-in-law who died in 1891, aged 67 and is buried with her grandson Walter who died later in 1939. Alfred senior, who died in 1901 aged 78 and is buried with his son Alfred, Mary's husband, who died in October 1919, aged 70 and his little grandson, Charles Besant who was only 4 when he passed away in 1891. Mary died on October 4, 1944 at the ripe old age of 87 and she is the grave with son Ernest. (23) Ernest was killed in 1913, aged 23, in an accident in South Melbourne, when his cart was hit by another cart. He was thrown to the ground and run over by his cart and did not survive his injuries. The accident was caused by the other vehicle, the driver of which was charged by the police as being drunk in charge of a horse and vehicle. (24)

Two other of Mary and Arthur’s children are also buried at the Pioneer Cemetery – Violet and Walter; Elsie is at the Memorial Park and Everilda, Albert, Frank and Harold are all resting at Springvale. As a matter of interest, Harold was a City of Moorabbin councillor and Mayor in 1943/1944. There is a Besant Street in what was Moorabbin, but now called Hampton East, named after the family. (25)

Before we leave the Besant family, they have a very interesting connection to both the Queen and Oscar Wilde. Dorothy Helen Thelma Besant was born in 1910 to Frank and Matilda Besant, the son and daughter-in-law of Mary and Alfred Besant. Thelma, as she was known, worked for Cyclax cosmetics as a lecturer and demonstrator and the company suggested to the Royal Family that the then Princess Elizabeth might need some advice on skin-care and make-up.  Thelma become the Queen-to-be's Cosmetician and Beauty Adviser – guiding her through the Coronation and years of public appearances. In 1943 Thelma married Vyvyan Oscar Beresford Holland, the son of Oscar Wilde. He had been born with the surname Wilde in 1886, but in1895 his mother changed his surname to Holland, after Wilde had been charged with “gross indecency.”  Thelma and Vyvyan had one son and she died in 1995. (26)

James Follett (1860-1944)
James married three times and had seven children – the births of whom were all registered at Cheltenham, apart from his eldest child who was registered at Mordialloc. James married firstly in 1885 to Marion Jack. They had two children Joseph Henry (1886-1961) and Marion (1888-1942). Sadly their mother Marion died in July 1888, at the age of 28, the same year her daughter was born. (27)

James then married Marion’s sister Helen in 1890. Helen gave birth to Albert James in (1892-1893) and two years later to daughter Helen (1894-1957). Tragedy struck the family again and Helen died on February 28, 1894, at Boundary Road, Heatherton, aged only 25. (28)

Marion and Helen were the daughters of James and Margaret (nee Henderson) Jack of Heatherton. They are also buried in the Pioneer Cemetery. James Jack’s obituary in the Brighton Southern Cross of June 3, 1911 reads –
An old resident of Heatherton was removed in the death, of Mr. James Jack, which took place on the 21st May, at his residence, Jack Road, after a long and painful illness. The deceased gentleman, who had reached the advanced age of 85 years, was born in Airdrie, Lanarkshire, Scotland, and came to Victoria in l854; two years later he came to Heatherton, where he has resided since. He leaves two sons and four daughters, his wife having predeceased him five years ago. (29)

James Follett (1860-1944)

James Follett married again in 1906 to Emeline Law, and had three daughters – Lillian (1906-1973), Elsie Anne (1909-1989) and Emeline Jane (1911-2001). They farmed at Heatherton. James died in August 1944 at the Echuca Hospital; his short obituary in the Riverine Herald on August 19, 1944 noted that - Mr Follett, father of Mrs Coates of Mathoura, who was over 80 years of age and had been in the Echuca Hospital for some time, passed away yesterday. (30)

Mrs Coates was his daughter, Helen. James is buried at the Pioneer Cemetery in a double grave with his first wife Marion, his second wife Helen and their little boy Albert who died in 1893, aged 20 months. Also in the grave is his third wife Emeline, who died in 1948 and their daughter, Lillian, who died in 1973. (31)

Charles Follett (1865-1940)
Charles was also a market gardener and lived in Mentone.  Charles’ wife was Jane Morton Shanks Jack, the sister of Marion and Helen Jack, who had both married James Follett and died tragically young. Charles and Jane had four children - Margaret Isabella (1891-1943), Charles Arthur (1892-1969), Albert George (1893-1963) and Annie Eleanor (1898-1987).  Charles died on January 15, 1940, aged 75 and Jane, two months later, on March 14, 1940, both at their home 5 Cremona Street, Mentone. They are buried at the Brighton General Cemetery, in the same grave as his parents, Joseph and Harriett. Of their four children Margaret and Annie are buried at the Memorial Cemetery and Charles at the Pioneer Cemetery; their brother Albert was cremated at Springvale Crematorium. (32)

Charles Follett (1865-1940)

Conclusion
The Folletts were a successful family, with strong connections by marriage to other local farming families and they made the most of the opportunities that the Colony of Victoria offered them. They were generational farmers producing food to feed Victoria’s increasing population and quietly contributing to the growth of the Cheltenham area. Follett Road in Cheltenham is named for the family.

Acknowledgement: Thank you to Graeme Follett, a grandson of Albert and Violet (nee Besant) Follett, for some family information and especially for the information about Thelma Holland and her amazing Royal career. Graeme also kindly supplied the family photos from his family tree on Ancestry.com

Footnotes
(1) Cheltenham Seaside News, February 9, 1918, see here.
(2) Chuk, Florence  The Somerset Years: Government assisted emigrants from Somerset and Bristol who arrived in Port Phillip/Victoria 1839-1854 (Pennard Hills publications, no date) - Follett arrival in Victoria, p. 199; Follett history in South Petherton, p. 199; South Petherton as a market town, p. 63.
(3) Chuk, op. cit., p. 63-64, 199; Thomas Male, report of inquest - The Argus, October 22, 1856, see here; Brighton Cemetorians database  https://www.brightoncemetorians.org.au/  ; Indexes to the Victorian Births, Deaths and Marriages.   
(4) Moorabbin District Road Board/ Moorabbin Shire Council Rate Books from Ancestry.com; Indexes to the Victorian Births, Deaths and Marriages.   

(5) Inquest Deposition files of James Follett at the Public Records Office of Victoria    https://prov.vic.gov.au/archive/9AD6FDAA-F1BB-11E9-AE98-CF53C50BA1D8?image=1; Joseph's death notice, The Age, November 19, 1889, see here; Harriett's death notice, The Argus, May 18, 1915, see here; Brighton Cemetorians database  https://www.brightoncemetorians.org.au/

(6) Cheltenham Seaside News, May 22, 1915, see here.

(7) Friends of Cheltenham Cemeteries database, https://www.focrc.org/

(8) Koo Wee Rup Sun, July 17, 1924 p. 4.; Indexes to the Victorian Births, Deaths and Marriages.   

(9) Indexes to the Victorian Births, Deaths and Marriages.   

(10) Koo Wee Rup Sun, July 17, 1924 p. 4. 

(11) Koo Wee Rup Sun, June 5, 1924, p. 4.

(12) Weekly Times, February 13, 1932, see here. There is a photograph of George Follett's Koo Wee Rup  house, in the same issue, see here.

(13) William's death notice, The Age, October 7, 1929, see here ; Mary's death notice, The Argus, April 16, 1930, see here.; Friends of Cheltenham Cemeteries database, https://www.focrc.org/ ; Springvale Botanical Cemetery database https://smct.org.au/deceased-search
(14) South Bourke & Mornington Journal, September 19, 1906, see here.
(15) Chuk, op. cit., p. 241; Moorabbin District Road Board/ Moorabbin Shire Council Rate Books from Ancestry.com; Inquest Deposition files of James Follett at the Public Records Office of Victoria    https://prov.vic.gov.au/archive/9AD6FDAA-F1BB-11E9-AE98-CF53C50BA1D8?image=1;

(16) Indexes to the Victorian Births, Deaths and Marriages; Friends of Cheltenham Cemeteries database, https://www.focrc.org/

(17) Inquest Deposition files of Mary Louise Follett at the Public Records Office of Victoria - https://prov.vic.gov.au/archive/1C45BDF0-F1C3-11E9-AE98-F75A795BE5A3

(18) Cheltenham Seaside News, February 9, 1918, see here.

(19)  Friends of Cheltenham Cemeteries database, https://www.focrc.org/; Springvale Botanical Cemetery database https://smct.org.au/deceased-search; Indexes to the New South Wales Births, Deaths and Marriages.

(20) Indexes to the Victorian Births, Deaths and Marriages; Moorabbin District Road Board/ Moorabbin Shire Council Rate Books from Ancestry.com

(21) Indexes to the Victorian Births, Deaths and Marriages

(22) Moorabbin District Road Board/ Moorabbin Shire Council Rate Books from Ancestry.com
(23) Friends of Cheltenham Cemeteries database, https://www.focrc.org/
(24) Mary Besant's death notice - The Age, October 5, 1944, see here;  Inquest Deposition files of Ernest Besant at the Public Records Office of Victoria https://prov.vic.gov.au/archive/CA22ABED-F1C2-11E9-AE98-CB9968331161?image=1
(25) Friends of Cheltenham Cemeteries database, https://www.focrc.org/; Springvale Botanical Cemetery database https://smct.org.au/deceased-search; Harold - City of Moorabbin Councillor https://seha.org.au/shire-presidents-and-mayors-of-caulfield-and-moorabbin-councils

(26) Thelma Holland’s obituary by Margaret McCall, published in The Independent March 9, 1995 -

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-thelma-holland-1610458.html

(27) Indexes to the Victorian Births, Deaths and Marriages; Marion's funeral notice The Age, August 1, 1888 see here.

(28) Ibid;  Helen's death notice The Leader, March 10, 1894, see here. 

(29) Brighton Southern Cross, June 3, 1911, see here.

(30) Indexes to the Victorian Births, Deaths and Marriages; Riverine Herald, August 19, 1944 see here.

(31) Friends of Cheltenham Cemeteries database, https://www.focrc.org/

(32) Charles' death notice, The Sun News-Pictorial, January 17, 1940, see here; Jane's death notice The Argus, March 16, 1940, see here. Friends of Cheltenham Cemeteries database, https://www.focrc.org/; Springvale Botanical Cemetery database https://smct.org.au/deceased-search; Brighton Cemetorians database  https://www.brightoncemetorians.org.au/ ; Indexes to the Victorian Births, Deaths and Marriages

Donkeys on the St Kilda Beach

In January 1905, The Australasian, published a delightful account of a family spending the day at the St Kilda beach, which included the following - 
About 2 o'clock the donkeys come down. They are such dear, little, obstinate creatures, and are about eleven in number; but more are to come from New Zealand, where they are bred. The children are delighted with the novelty. They pet and fondle them, and discover their names engraved on their halters. There is Gipsy, Topsy, Madcap, Murmur, Bland Holt, Seddon, and Napoleon. This last donkey objects to carrying adults or boys, he likes the girls best. It is strange how he knows, instantly a man or boy is wont to get on his back he bucks most viciously, and yet for the girls his temper is angelic. Double-seated wicker saddles are provided for the very little children, and the donkeys look so pretty with a double-freight of chubby babies; on their backs. I am sure they feel their twofold responsibility in carrying such precious burdens. Boys and girls ride straddle-saddle, so there is little fear of a fall. Even if such a catastrophe should happen, it would not be serious on the sand. Boys accompany the riders, whipping the donkeys up, until they break into a fast trot, and judging by the beaming faces of the children, it must be great fun, and well worth a trial. Several timid little girls want a ride badly, but they are afraid unless an elder sister walks beside the donkey to held then on. Then the difficulty is to get them off, as they have enjoyed the ride so much. (1)

Are these Gipsy, Topsy, Madcap, Murmur, Bland Holt, Seddon, and Napoleon?

Donkeys on the St Kilda Beach, dated c. 1906. State Library of Victoria image H33670/4   http://handle.slv.vic.gov.au/10381/289402

The donkeys belonged to Mr H. Wright, who had applied to the St Kilda Council in March 1904 for  permission to run donkeys on the beach foreshore for the amusement of children. Below high water mark the council has no jurisdiction, but, subject to supervision, it was decided to offer no opposition, and the application was referred to the public works committee to consider the terms. (2)

The Public Works Committee granted Mr Wright, permissive occupancy of the foreshore, between the baths and Brooke's boat house, for donkey rides, subject to regulations to be drawn up. (3)

In spite of this permission (and possibly because a new application was required each year) Mr Wright applied again to the Council in November 1904 to use a portion of the foreshore for the purpose of giving rides on donkeys to all and sundry. (4) He was granted permission for donkeys being run on the foreshore north of Kenney's baths to a point in line with Mary-street. (5)

Donkeys on the St Kilda Beach

Weekly Times, January 7, 1905 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/222539805/23493233#

Gipsy, Topsy, Madcap, Murmur, Bland Holt, Seddon, and Napoleon were very popular with the children, but there was drama in early January of 1905 when the donkeys were attacked. The following letter was written to the Editor of The Argus newspaper -

Sir -This is what happened at half past 4 on Tuesday afternoon on St Kilda beach. A respectable young man is running donkeys, and while some were carrying their human freights two larrikins took from a cart - which they had driven to the water's edge - one or two fierce bulldogs. The collar was removed and the bulldog let go. It deliberately set on to a donkey carrying a little boy. The boy was severely bitten about the legs necessitating hospital dressing, and the donkey was greatly injured, needing the services of a veterinary surgeon. Police assistance was sought in every direction and although the depot was telephoned no police arrived for fully 40 minutes. (6)

Donkeys on the Sands, St Kilda.

Image not dated but likely to be c. 1905

 Australian National Maritime Museum image 00001937 

https://collections.sea.museum/objects/48638/donkeys-on-the-sands-at-st-kilda

I have no information as to whether the donkeys were on the beach all year, or just over the Summer season, but as this article from the newspaper in November 1905, tells us 

Numbers of children were disappointed on Monday at St Kilda owing to the absence of the donkeys on the beach. It was not discernible whether it was because the public works department sand trucks are shifting the whole beach between Brook's boathouse and the baths or whether it was owing to some other reason. Anyhow the donkeys were not there and the sand tracks were, whilst it may be added that the beach is gradually disappearing. Will it ever - like the cat - come back again? (7)

On the Sands at St Kilda - lounging adults and children riding donkeys.

Did the Donkeys come back that Summer? I cannot say. I have found other accounts of the donkeys at the the St Kilda Beach, the earliest one from November 1868. In January 1870, The Age advertised that Rowland's stud of Donkeys will be at St Kilda Beach during the week, and at Brighton on Sundays, during the season. (8)  But these donkeys were not popular with everyone as The Herald noted in February 1870- 

Donkey Riding at St. Kilda - A correspondent writes to us anent the "donkey riding nuisance," and says "it ought to be done away with by the authorities." Alluding to yesterday afternoon, our correspondent says : "At one time there were two or three hundred boys on the St. Kilda beach, where a man hired out several donkeys for short rides along the beach. Every time a donkey started a number of these boys would scamper after them, yelling, and shouting, and cheering, to the great annoyance of those who were out for a gentle stroll by the rippling waters of the bay to enjoy the fresh breeze after the confinement of the week." We quite agree with the writer of the above, that what he complains of is a great nuisance, and should be checked. (9)

In January 1871, Mr Rowland  put his stock of donkeys, mules and equipment up for auction which offered a man of small capital the opportunity to enter into a lucrative pursuit. (10)

Mr Rowlands sells his donkeys

The Argus, January 10, 1871 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/5840797

After 1871, I could find no reports of donkey rides until Mr H. Wright and his donkeys in 1904 and 1905. 

The next confirmed reports of donkey rides was in December 1923, when the newspapers could announce that one of the traditional delights of English seaside resorts donkey rules for children will be an attraction at St. Kilda this summer. (11) The Herald later reported - 

The week after next, children visiting St. Kilda beach will be able to hire donkeys and ride between Brooke's boathouse and the pavilion tea rooms. This innovation has been sanctioned by the St. Kilda Shore Committee, which has made arrangements with a private proprietor. An offer was also made to provide camels with Oriental trappings, each camel to be led, but the committee would not accept. The beach is too crowded at holiday times it was considered, for camels. The owner of the donkeys intends to seek similar privileges on other beaches, including South Melbourne, Brighton and Sandringham. (12)

Sadly for Mr Joe Gardiner, he was not allowed to provide camel rides on the beach and thus his camels, Mutt and Jeff, had to reside at Coburg.

The Argus, January 26, 1924 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/1927133

However,  the hopes of the youngsters for donkey rides were dashed, as The Herald reported -  

Rinderpest in West Australia is responsible for depriving children visiting the St. Kilda foreshore of the rides on donkeys to which they had been looking forward after recent announcements in the press. Mr H. O. Allen, secretary, of the St. Kilda Shore Trust, has been in formed by Mr J. Gardiner, who was given the right to provide the donkeys that he purchased some in Perth, West Australia, but was unable to ship them to Melbourne because of the regulations issued since the outbreak of rinderpest forbidding the transfer of animals likely to carry the disease. (13)

The next reference in the newspapers to donkeys on the beach at St Kilda was in December 1931,  when The Sun News-Pictorial published the following photographs -

Donkeys on the beach at St Kilda.

The Sun News-Pictorial, December 19, 1931 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/276261897

Four years later, The Herald in November 1935 published this cute photograph of a girl having a donkey ride at St Kilda

A donkey ride on the St Kilda Beach

The Herald, November 15, 1935 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/244779014

In spite of the donkeys looking cute and children being fond of them, again not everyone was happy for them to be on the beach. This was published in the The Sun News-Pictorial  in December 1935 - 

Denies Donkeys Nuisance On St. Kilda Beach - Replying yesterday to a complaint by a correspondent, that donkeys were allowed to be paraded on the beach at St Kilda, to the inconvenience of bathers, the secretary of the St. Kilda Shore Committee (Cr. Dawkins) denied there was any interference with bathers, or any pollution of the beach. The owner of the donkeys, who charged children a penny a ride, paid to take the animals there. This form of amusement, Cr. Dawkins said, was permitted on every popular beach in the world. (14)

Nothing came of the complaint as the donkeys were still providing entertainment  in January 1936 and a year later in January 1937, when this photograph was published in The Argus.

Kiddies enjoying donkey rides  on the beach at St Kilda.

The Argus, January 4 1937 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/11954036

From February to April 1938, the St Kilda Beach donkeys were for sale, advertised as quiet for children. (15)  

The riding donkeys for sale

The Herald, March 3, 1938, https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/244591983

Was this the end of donkey rides being held on the beach at St Kilda on a regular basis? I can find no further references to them; the War naturally diverted resources from pleasure to patriotic causes and by the time things returned to 'normal' after the War ended, perhaps donkey rides were considered passé or donkey rides were confined to Parks.

Trove list - I have created a list of articles relating to donkeys on the St Kilda beach, access it here.

Footnotes

(1) The Australasian, January 21, 1905, see here.

(2) The Age, March 16, 1904, see here.

(3) Prahran Telegraph, April 2, 1904, see here.

(4) Prahran Chronicle, November 12, 1904, see here.

(5) Prahran Telegraph, December 24, 1904, see here.

(6) The Argus, January 7, 1905, see here.

(7) Prahran Telegraph, November 18, 1905, see here.

(8) The Argus, November 11, 1868, see here; The Age, January 15, 1870, see here.

(9) The Herald, February 21, 1870, see here.

(10) The Argus, January 10, 1871, see here. 

(11) Prahran Telegraph, December 14, 1923,  see here.

(12) The Herald, December 6, 1923, see here.

(13) The Herald, January 7, 1924, see here.

(14) Sun News-Pictorial, December 4, 1935 see here.

(15) The Herald, March 3, 1938,  see here. 

Sister Hollins and Sister Lewis and the Pakenham Infant Welfare Centre

In 2012 a  new Childrens Centre opened in Pakenham, called the Hollins Children Centre.  It has two kindergarten rooms, a toy Library, a meeting room and rooms for the Infant Health nurse.  When Councils and developers are looking for appropriate names for new buildings, parks, streets or other infrastructure, they sometimes contact Local History Societies or me, when I was the  Local History Librarian at Casey Cardinia Libraries, for ideas. At times, they decide that the  name we suggest is a suitable name and this was the case with the Hollins Children Centre. I was reading through the Souvenir Booklet from the Back to Pakenham celebrations held in March 1951 which has the history of various institutions in Pakenham, including the Infant Welfare Centre. The article mentioned that Sister Hollins and Sister Lewis were the first nurses involved with infant welfare in the area, so I suggested  that the new Centre could honour the nurses and in the end it was decided to call  the centre after Sister Hollins. I was very excited and thrilled that the Cardinia Shire Council selected one of 'my names' and I attended the official opening on November 20, 2012.

I first wrote this post in December 2012, for my work blog, Casey Cardinia Links to our Past, and this is an updated and expanded version of my original post.

This is the information from the Souvenir Booklet -
Infant Welfare Centre
Infant welfare work was unknown in the Pakenham district till Sister Hollins(who was in charge of the Pakenham Bush Nursing Hospital) took upon herself the task of trying to get mothers interested in this work. Using one of the single bed wards in the hospital, Sister Hollins started her task in 1934 by persuading mothers as they left the hospital after their babies were born to come back regularly to have their infants weighed and measured and to ask for any advice they might need. Although this was not an easy job, trying to persuade the mothers to come (their mothers managed without health centres, etc), they soon realised what a help the Health Centre was to them, as they could follow their babies' progress week by week. This necessitated moving out of the hospital to a separate room, which was made available adjoining the nurses' sleeping quarters. This room was officially opened at the end of 1935 by Dr. Scantlebury-Brown, accompanied by Sister Muriel Peck. Sister Lewis was then officially appointed Infant Welfare sister for the district, which later extended through the Berwick Shire. In these days there was no modern equipment, and apart from the scales (which were owned by Sister Lewis) the rest of the very limited equipment was made and got together by both Sisters Hollins and Lewis. Sister Lewis carried on in her cramped quarters till she thought the mothers should have a more up-to-date centre in which to have their babies attended to. So at a public meeting convened by Sister Lewis on May 11, 1945, a committee was formed for the object of raising money to build this so badly needed modern centre. So much interest was shown that by February, 1949, this building in the main street was ready to be used. It was officially opened in March, 1949, by Dr Barbara Meredith, Director of Infant Welfare and Maternal Hygiene. It is a pleasure to visit the centre each week with its modern equipment and heating arrangements, and we have much to thank Sister Hollins and Sister Lewis for, for their tireless work and the interest they created throughout this district in infant welfare work. (1)

The only information I had initially on Sister Hollins and Sister Lewis were their surnames but I found out their full names from the Electoral Rolls (2) -   Lillian Ada Hollins was in 1936 Electoral rolls at the Pakenham Bush Nursing Hospital and Muriel Mary Lewis in the 1937 Electoral rolls also at the Hospital. We'll look at the life of Sister Lewis and then Sister Hollins. 

Pakenham Bush Nursing Hospital. The Hospital officially opened February 11, 1928.

Image: courtesy of David Bourke

Sister Muriel May Lewis

Muriel May Lewis was born in 1901 in North Carlton, to Thomas and Hannah Eliza (nee Dinning) Lewis; a sister Beatrice Isabella was born in Beechworth in 1904. (3)

We can get a sense of Muriel's early life from her father's obituary, who died in October 1928 -
Mr Thomas Lewis - It is with genuine regret that we have to record the death, at his residence, Camberwell, on Wednesday night, of Mr. Thomas Lewis, retired inspector of police, at the age of 60½  years. The deceased, who left the force about six months since, had been in good health till about a month ago, when he contracted a cold which developed into pneumonia, and though carefully nursed, he eventually succumbed to the attack. Very few members of the Victorian police had as fine a record as Mr. Lewis has, though he did not unduly harass the public, he succeeded in maintaining law and order wherever stationed, gaining the appreciation of the public and the warm commendation of his superiors. It is some 15 years since he was attached to the force at Beechworth, subsequently removing to Benalla where he was occupied by clerical duties in the Superintendent's office. Promotion to the rank of sergeant was followed by duty at Kerang, whence he was transferred to Ascot Vale where, after two years, he passed on to Russell Street, ranking as inspector. Here he was, as in his previous positions, highly respected. Reaching the age of 60 in the early part of this year, he retired, and having made a comfortable home, earned a well deserved rest. Sympathy from all who knew Mr. Lewis goes out to his wife and two daughters. On Friday his remains were laid to rest in the Wangaratta cemetery beside those of his parents. (4)

Muriel Lewis first appeared in the Electoral rolls in 1922 and 1924 when she was a trainee nurse at the Royal Children's Hospital and she successfully passed the  Royal Victorian Trained Nurses' Association’s examination in May 1924.

Muriel Lewis - one of the successful candidates.

Ballarat Star, June 24, 1924  http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article214259835 

In the 1925 and 1927 Electoral Rolls, after she was qualified, she was living at 37 St Leonards Avenue, Ascot Vale with her parents. The 1931 rolls show Muriel and Hannah living at 99 Highfield Road, Camberwell. I believe it was in 1934 that Muriel began employment at the Pakenham Bush Nursing Hospital where she was also the Infant Welfare Sister for the Pakenham District. (5)  In March 1945 she was appointed the full-time Baby Health Sister for the entire Berwick Shire, a position which she held until around October 1948 when Muriel became the Matron of the Koo Wee Rup Memorial Hospital. (6) However it appears that Infant Welfare work was her true calling and in May 1951, she returned to the Shire of Berwick as the Infant Welfare Centre Sister. (7)

Sister Lewis returns to Infant Welfare work

Dandenong Journal, May 9 1951 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/222352204

Some statistics provided by Sister Lewis in 1952.

Dandenong Journal, January 23, 1952 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article222356832

Sister Muriel Lewis on the left with the women of the Berwick Infant Welfare Committee.

Weekly Times August 25, 1954 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/224445390

I believe Sister Lewis held that position at the Berwick Shire until late 1954. In the 1954 and 1963 Electoral Rolls, Muriel was back at 99 Highfield Road with Hannah, and in 1968 in 33 Abercrombie Street, Deepdene, which is where she was living when she passed away on March 23, 1970. She is buried at Springvale Cemetery. Hannah passed away in 1963, aged 91 (8). 

Death notice of Sister Lewis

The Age, March 24, 1970 page 23 from newspapers.com

Sister Lillian Ada Clarissa Hollins
Lillian Ada Clarissa Hollins was born in 1899, in Bath, England to Percival and Ada (nee Hounsell) Weare. She was married on March 15, 1919 in Bath to Australian soldier, Lieutenant Roy Digby Hollins, who was about 28 at the time. The couple arrived in Australia in December 1919 and lived in Williamstown, then Dalyston and in March 1921 he took up a block of land at Red Cliffs. Lillian lived with Roy on occasions and in 1926/1927 returned to England for ten months to visit her father. On her return she lived with Roy for some months, then moved to Mildura to work at a private hospital. Lilian wrote to Roy in April 1928 saying she would not be returning to Red Cliffs and she moved to Melbourne to train as a nurse at the Alfred Hospital. We know all this because in October 1930 Roy filed for a divorce on the grounds of her desertion, and the information formed part of his affidavit.  He also noted in his affidavit that the cause of the trouble between the respondent and myself was that the respondent was addicted to unnatural sexual practices with other women, of which she knew I was aware. Shortly before the respondent left me I spoke to her about this matter. At such conversation the respondent evinced no inclination to desist from such practices and indicated a determination to leave me. The divorce was finalised on June 3, 1931.(9)

Interesting case - I feel for Roy that his marriage did not turn out to be 'happy ever after' on the other hand, I can see that a farm at Red Cliffs could have been very isolating and stultifying for Lillian, whether or not she was addicted to unnatural sexual practices with other women. Roy married Daisy Brownlaw in 1931 and he died in 1964. (10)  1931 was also the year that Lillian became a qualified nurse, by passing the Royal Victorian Trained Nurses' Association’s examination.

Lilian Hollins - one of the successful candidates.

The Age, December 8, 1931 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/203718802

In the 1934 Electoral Rolls, Lillian is listed at Dunolly, employed at the District Hospital.  She started at the Bush Nursing Hospital  at Pakenham in November 1934. (11)

In July 1937, the President of the Pakenham Bush Nursing Hospital, Mr J.J. Ahern, who was also the Berwick Shire Secretary, announced that -

It was pleasing also that they might grant a small bonus each to Sister L. Hollins and Sister M. Lewis, of £5, and that was done in graceful recognition of their special services granted freely at all times. (12)

In May 1938 the Sisters took leave of absence and went to England -

Sister Hollins and Sister Lewis,  who have been on the staff of the Pakenham and District Hospital for the past three years, will shortly sail for England, where they intend to stay for 12 months. At a social held in their honor at the Mechanics' Hall on Thursday night, Messrs. R. Giles, H. Dineen and C. Smith supplied excellent music for dancing, and vocal Items were contributed by Mesdames Keable and Hobson, and Mr. H. Gee. (13)

Lillian and Muriel returned to the Hospital after their overseas trip and in January, 1942 it was reported that - 

Secretary of the Pakenham B. N. Hospital for several years past, Sister L. A. Hollins has resigned that position, and Mr S. Banbrook has been appointed in her stead. Appreciative references were made by the committee to her excellent administrative work. (14)

Perhaps it was at a Hospital meeting that Lillian and Sydney fell in love, because on  September 20, 1944 Lillian, then aged 44, married 40-year old Sydney Clifford Banbrook at the Presbyterian Church in Pakenham. On their marriage certificate, Lillian's address was Princes Highway, Pakenham East - the location of the Hospital and Sydney's was Darwin, where he was employed in the Department of Works and Housing. (15)

The Pakenham Gazette of September 29, 1944 reported on the event -

Wedding Bells - Banbrook - Hollins
At Pakenham Presbyterian Church on Wednesday of last week, in the presence of a large number of relatives and friends, Sister Lillian Ada Hollins, matron of Pakenham and District Bush Nursing Hospital, was united in marriage to Mr Sydney C. Banbrook, formerly of Berwick Shire engineer's office staff.
The Church had been beautifully decorated for the occasion by friends of the bride. Spring blossom, Iceland poppies, daffodils, etc., were effectively used in the decorative scheme.
The ceremony was performed by Rev. C. Jones, of Berwick. Mrs H.L. Keys presided at the organ.

The bride, who was given away by an old friend, Mr W. Smellie, looked charming in a frock of Air Force blue, on which was pinned a shoulder spray of blue poppies and fern. She wore a navy blue hat and navy accessories.

The bridesmaid, Sister M. Lewis, wore a blue ensemble, on which was pinned a shoulder spray of pink carnations. Her hat and accessories were grey.

Mr. H.L. Keys acted as best man.

Following the ceremony a number of guests was entertained at the wedding breakfast at Central Hotel, Beaconsfield, at which the usual felicitous toasts were honored.

After the breakfast the happy couple left by for Lakes Entrance, where the honeymoon is being spent.

The bride travelled in an olive green suit, with brown accessories.

Mr. and Mrs. Banbrook will be guest of honour at a social to be held in Pakenham Mechanics' Hall next Wednesday. (16)

The report of the social held for Lillian and Sydney was in the Pakenham Gazette of October 13, 1944. It's worth publishing in full as it praises Lillian and Muriel and shows the high regard the women were held in.

Presentation to Mr. and Mrs S. Banbrook

There was a  large and representative gathering at Pakenham Mechanics' Hall on Wednesday of last week, when  a social evening was tendered to Mr and Mrs S. Banbrook.

The programme for the evening comprised principally dancing. Much appreciated items contributed by Messrs C. Blair and E. Kennedy.

Introduced by Mr P.B. Ronald, Mrs P.F. Thwaites paid a high tribute to the work done by Sister Hollins (now Mrs Banbrook) for Pakenham Hospital. She was always ready to help the Hospital in every way. Not only was she a most capable nurse, but she was also a very good business woman. The good position of the Hospital was very largely due to her efforts. Mrs Thwaites extended to Mr and Mrs Banbrook best wished for a happy and prosperous life together.

Cr T.F. Houlihan said this was a very happy occasion - this social in honour of the newly married couple. He was sure he voiced the sentiments of the whole district in wishing them all the best. All remembered when Sisters Hollins and Lewis came to the district and the marvellous work they had done for the Hospital. There was not one patient who had been there but would, if sick again, so there instead of to a metropolitan hospital. It was a pleasure to visit there. Cr Houlihan assured Mr and Mrs Banbrook that they had the best wishes of district people for their future.

Mr J.J. Ahern, president of the Hospital Committee, said he considered it a privilege to make a presentation to Mr and Mrs Banbrook. He had been closely associated with the Hospital since its inception and recognised the outstanding service that Sisters Hollins and Lewis had given - just as all present that night recognised it, as shown by their attendance and their subscriptions towards the presentation. Ten years ago, when Sisters Hollins and Lewis came here the Hospital was in anything but  a good position. To-day it was one of the best managed  and equipped  Bush Nursing Hospitals in the State - due chiefly to the Sisters. As Sister in Charge, Sister Hollins had the confidence of the committee and the patients. More than that she had the confidence of her staff, as shown by the fact that Sister Lewis had been with her ever since she had been in charge of the Hospital and also in all those years there had been few changes in the domestic staff. Mr Banbrook, soon after he had joined the Shire Office staff,  was entrusted with very important work, which he had done particularly well. Presenting Mr and Mrs Banbrook with a wallet containing £44, Mr Ahern expressed the hope that the gift would assist them in making their home at a future date and that they would purchase something that would remind them of their stay in Pakenham. He extended best wishes to them.

In responding Mr Banbrook said he greatly appreciated their references to one who had for a long time done a wonderfully good job here.  He thanked all for their generous gift and nice remarks.

Mrs Banbrook also suitably responded. (17).

After their marriage, Sydney returned to Darwin; but in March 1945 Lillian took up the role as the Sister in Charge of the Baby Health Centres at Tatura and Kyabram for the Shire of Rodney.  Her relationship with the Council turned sour in March 1946 when she asked for an assistant to help deal with some of the administrative tasks involved with the 2000 plus visits by mothers and their babies; in the first year to March 1946, she had 227 babies on her books and by May 1946, 343 babies. (18) The Council refused this and in fact, Cr L. Cross said that the council had enough to do and that a ladies committee formed by the local CWA could help with the work. (19)

In April 1946, the Council decided to charge her £1 per week rent for the two rooms she lived in at the Tatura Infant Welfare Centre, which she refused to pay. In May that year Sister Banbrook wrote to the Council -

 “I wish to point out (1) that under Section 1 of the Registered Infant Welfare Nurses’ award any nurse required to live in shall be provided with laundry free of charge, but a sum of 20/ per week may be deducted from the wages for board and lodgings. (2) I have done all cleaning since the beginning of the centre, and am still doing so, not forgetting doing the floors, staining and polishing prior to getting linoleum, and painting two-thirds of the building. (3) Mothers ring me at all hours and week-ends, plus a great deal of night writing, for which I could claim time and a half wages." (20)

Not surprising  perhaps, Sister Banbrook resigned at the end of July 1946, the official reason was that  she was joining her husband in Darwin.  Why did she not  move to Darwin straight after her wedding? Possibly there was a shortage of accommodation suitable for married couples after the War or possibly Sydney had been posted  in some remote areas of the Northern Territory and there was no accommodation for spouses or family members.

Sister Banbrook resigns from the Shire of Rodney

Kyabram Free Press, August 2 1946 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/270194812

Sydney died in Adelaide on October 27, 1963 and Lillian on July 30, 1965. They are buried at the North Brighton Cemetery in Adelaide. (21). As a matter of interest, even though Sydney was born in 1904 in Sydney, New South Wales, his parents Alfred Banbrook and Matilda Usher had married in Victoria in 1890 and they had three children in Victoria.  There was a short obituary for Matilda in the Dandenong Journal in January 1951 - 

We regret to learn of the death of Mrs. Matilda Banbrook, of 23 Orwell St., Potts Point, Sydney, but
formerly of Spring Vale and Dandenong. The end came at her home last Wednesday at the age of 83. Deceased was the wife of the late Alfred Banbrook, who pre-deceased her about eight years ago, and was the daughter of the late Silas and Lucy Usher, nee Jewis. She was born at Spring Vale and her remains were interred there last Monday. Rev. W. J. Clarke conducted the service and W. J. Garnar and Son carried out the funeral arrangements. (22)

Acknowledgement - The book Somebody’s baby: a history of the Pakenham and District Hospital 1926-1992 by Heather Shallard (Pakenham & District Hospital, 1992) provided useful information for this post. 

Footnotes

(1)  Souvenir Booklet: Back to Pakenham March 3-10, 1951. Published by the Back to Pakenham Committee.

(2) Electoral Rolls on Ancestry.com

(3) Indexes to the Victorian Births, Deaths and Marriages.

(4) Ovens and Murray Advertiser, October 20, 1928, see here.

(5) 1934, that was the date Sister Hollins started and various reports say her and Sister Lewis started the same year. Souvenir Booklet report, as transcribed.

(6) Dandenong Journal, March 21, 1945, see here;  Dandenong Journal, May 9 1951, see here.    

(7) Dandenong Journal, May 9 1951, see here. 

(8)  Retirement date - just a guess from the address in the Electoral rolls.

(9) Information in this paragraph is taken from Lillian Hollin's wedding certificate (to Sydney Banbrook) and the Hollins/Hollins  file from the Divorce Case Files, 1860-1940. VPRS 283 (Supreme Court of Victoria Divorce Files) available on Ancestry.com

(10) Indexes to the Victorian Births, Deaths and Marriages.

(11) Shallard,  p. 30 (see Acknowledgement for citation).

(12) Dandenong Journal, July 22, 1937, see here.

(13) Dandenong Journal, May 11, 1938, see here.

(14) Dandenong Journal, January 21, 1942, see here.

(15) Hollins/Banbrook wedding certificate; From - The Commonwealth of Australia Gazette of June 17, 1948 - the appointment of Sydney Clifford Banbrook as Engineer, Grade 2 (£522-£558), Third Division, Engineering Division, Northern Territory, be confirmed as on and from 17th October, 1947 (see here); 1949 Electoral Roll lists Stanley as a Surveyor at the Department of Works and Housing. 

(16) Pakenham Gazette, September 29, 1944, p. 1.

(17) Pakenham Gazette, October 13, 1944, p. 5.

(18) Kyabram Free Press, March 9, 1945,  see here;  See articles in my Trove list on Sister Banbrook's time with the Shire of Rodney, here.

(19) Shepparton Advertiser, May 28, 1946, see here.

(20)  Kyabram Free Press, May 31, 1946, see here.

(21)  SA Genealogy https://www.genealogysa.org.au/ ; Find a Grave https://www.findagrave.com/

(22) Dandenong Journal, January 24, 1951, see here.