Showing posts with label Melbourne. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Melbourne. Show all posts

Tuesday, June 1, 2021

Forget-me-not flower decorated horseshoe postcards of Melbourne

This is my collection of postcards with the Forget-me-not flower decorated horseshoes and scenes of Melbourne. I just love them. The horseshoe is a symbol of good luck. According to Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable (first published 1870 (1)) one day the Devil asked St Dunstan, who was noted for his skill in shoeing horses to shoe his single hoof. Dunstan, knowing who his customer was, tied him tightly to the wall and proceeded with the job, but purposely put the Devil to so much pain that he roared for mercy. Dunstan at last consented to release his captive on condition that he would never enter a place where a horseshoe was displayed. So far, I have nine of these postcards and I feel that would be enough to protect me from the Devil. Having said that, if I come across any others, I will add them to my collection because they are just delightful!

Only one of the cards has a date on it - from 1920, but I believe they were most likely made in the heyday of postcard collecting which was around 1904 until the start of the First World War. They were printed in Germany. At first glance they all look the same, but there are actually five different flower designs. I have  another series of pretty postcards, see them here.


St Pauls Cathedral, Melbourne

St Pauls Cathedral, Melbourne
The building of the Cathedral, on the corner of Flinders and Swanston Streets, commenced in 1880 and it was consecrated in January 1891. It was designed by English Architect, William Butterfield, and the construction was supervised by Melbourne architects, Terry and Oakden, and later Joseph Reed. It is described as High Victorian Gothic style. The towers and spires were designed by James Barr, the construction of which started in April 1926 and was completed in April 1933.
Source: Victorian Heritage Database, see here.

The text on the back of this postcard, which was sent in an envelope, as it it does not have a stamp or postmark reads - 
Dear Mum, Received P.cards. I am sending a bit of print for Dot. I made Clem two dresses of same, it looks nice made up. Glad your foot is better. We are having very warm weather. Everyone think Clem looks better after his holiday, he is full of tricks now. Well hoping this will find all well, with love to Dot  and all. Your ever loving dau, Eth.  Did you get ointment, we find it so good.


Parliament House, Melbourne

Parliament House, Melbourne.
Parliament House was built in six stages from 1856  to 1892. The first sitting of Parliament was held there on November 25, 1856. Previous to this, Parliament sat at St Patrick's Hall in Bourke Street.
The Victorian Heritage Database citation for Parliament House is here.
This postcard has not been used.


Fire Brigade Station, Melbourne

Fire Brigade Station, Melbourne.
Located on the corner of Victoria and Gisborne Streets, it was opened November 3, 1893. The new Fire Station opened in 1979 and parts of the original building are still used for offices and for a museum.
Source: eMelbourne, see here. 
This postcard was sent to Alice Drayton, of Jumbuk in Gippsland. I have written about the family, here.


St Kilda Pier


St Kilda has always been a prime tourist location, so it is not surprising that there would be at least two postcards of the town. This one is on the Pier, and the one below of the St Kilda beach.

The text on the back of this postcard, which was sent in an envelope (or perhaps hand delivered), as it it does not have a stamp or postmark reads -
To Amy, Wishing you a merry Christmas, from. That's all it says, does not list the sender.


St Kilda Beach


St Kilda Beach.

The text on the back of this postcard, which was sent in an envelope, as it it does not have a stamp or postmark reads -
Miss Bell Cranstoun
Dear Bell, just a card, hoping you are well and happy, also Mrs Goulden. I haven't heard from Dad since, I will write to you as soon as I hear from him. Willie's cold is a lot  better and the rest are all well, all the neighbours wish to be remembered to you. I have not heard from Mrs Willis recently, no one has been about to see the house lately. Now I must close with love and kisses from all. Kind regards to  Mr and Mrs Goulden, from Mother.

The writing appears to be in biro and I feel was written much later than after the postcard was originally produced. The 1937 and 1943 Electoral Rolls have a Bell Cranstoun, a bank clerk, living at 33 Cromwell Road, South Yarra with a Margaret, a secretary and  a Jessie, home duties. Bell was born in 1916 and Margaret in 1909 to George Elliott and Jessie (nee Haig) Cranstoun. In 1949 Bell was in the Electoral Roll at  Red Cross Cottage, Lambell Terrace, Darwin, her occupation was a Secretary, so the card was possibly written to her in Darwin.  

Other children of George Elliott Cranstoun and Jessie Haig were - James Haig (1907-1922), unnamed son (1910-1910), Robert Stirling (1911-1922), Colin Campbell (1914-1922). Tragedy struck the family on August 14, 1922 when the father, who was a doctor, poisoned his entire family with morphine, having told them he was testing out a new influenza vaccination. He died, along with the three boys and Gladys Bayliss  who was living in the house. Mrs Cranstoun and Margaret and Bell survived. Read the accounts of the Inquest here and here. I did not expect that this pretty postcard would uncover such a tragic story. 

Jessie Cranstoun died at Cromwell Road, April 9, 1955, aged 71. Her death notice listed a brother, William, possibly the Willie referred to in the postcard. The reference to Dad is possibly referring to her father. Her daughter Margaret died 1972, aged 63, she had never married. Jessie is buried at the Brighton Cemetery with her three sons and her husband. Margaret was cremated at Springvale. Bell is listed as Mrs D. L. Meek in her mother's death notice. Her husband was Douglas Louis Meek, he died February 1974 and Bell died October 1, 1982 both in Queensland. (2).


River Yarra near Melbourne


This is Alexandra Avenue, with the Morrell Bridge (also known as the Botanical Bridge) on the left. 
Alexandra Avenue was officially opened in 1901. It was designed by Carlo Catani. The Morrell Bridge design was also conceived by Carlo Catani. My colleague, Isaac Hermann and I have written about the life and works of Carlo Catani in our Victorian Collections story, Carlo Catani: an engineering star over Victoria here.  
This postcard has not been used.


River Yarra


Another view of Alexandra Avenue and the Yarra River.
This postcard has not been used.


Alexandra Avenue, Melbourne


The Alexandra Gardens were also designed by Carlo Catani and opened in 1904. 
The Federation Star Bed is a feature of the Gardens, I have written about it, here

The text on the back of this postcard, which was sent in an envelope, as it it does not have a stamp or postmark reads -
Addressed to - Miss McGrath, 310 Macquarie St, Hobart, Tasmania.
Newmarket, May 3.  Dear Alice, I received your pretty P.C. I was sorry to hear father had been ill. I hope he is better before this. I see by the papers it is very cold over there now. Love from [illegible, looks like F. Fruher] There is an Alice McGrath (junior) a typiste in the 1919 Electoral at 412 Macquarie Street, listed with an Amy and an Alice and a John Joseph McGrath, I presume her sister and parents. This may be the Alice to whom the postcard was addressed.


Gardens near Princes Bridge, Melbourne


Alexandra Gardens. You can read about Carlo Catani's role in creating the Gardens in our previously mentioned Collections Victoria story, here.

The text on the back of this postcard, which was sent in an envelope, as it it does not have a stamp or postmark reads -
King Street, Dandenong November 18, 1920. Up Saturday evening. W.G.C. I have checked the Electoral Rolls, but cannot find a person with those initials in King Street.

Princes Bridge, Melbourne


Princes Bridge, Melbourne.
Carlo Catani also had a role in the construction of the Princes Bridge, which was officially opened on October 4, 1888. I have written about this here
This postcard has not been used.


Exhibition Buildings, Melbourne


The Exhibition Buildings, Melbourne.
The Royal Exhibition Building was constructed in 1879-1880 to house the 
International Exhibition of 1880.
The Victorian Heritage Database citation for the Exhibition Buildings is here. 
This postcard has not been used.


Footnotes
(1) My edition of Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable was published by Cassell in 1967 and is the 10th edition. 
(2) Information from the Victorian and Queensland Indexes to the Births, Deaths and Marriages, the Electoral rolls and Mrs Cranstoun's death notice in The Argus, April 11, 1955, see here.

Monday, March 30, 2020

Melbourne - Seventh City of the Empire


Melbourne:  seventh city of the Empire.  Artist: Percy Trompf
State Library of Victoria Image H2008.73/23. SLV dates this as c. 1930-c.1960

I came across this wonderful poster of the Manchester Unity Building and the Melbourne Town Hall, by chance on the State Library of Victoria website. It's a beautiful image, the Manchester Unity building is a jewel, it was designed by Marcus Barlow and officially opened in  1932.  I was interested in the 'Seventh City of the Empire' slogan. Why was it the seventh city? It refers to population.

I put the term into Trove and the first mention of Melbourne being the seventh city was in 1888. It was in a discussion as to whether the Borough of Port Melbourne should join the City of Melbourne, Melbourne was about the seventh city in the Empire at the present time, and if she got Port Melbourne she would be about the fourth or fifth. (1)  Which brings up the issue as to what constitutes Melbourne - in this case they are just referring to the City of Melbourne, but over the years I feel the term referred to Greater Melbourne.

In 1896 an article in the Herald said that as Melbourne was the seventh city that it should set an example to the world by closing all places of business on Saturday (2). The next year, 1897, the Weekly Times provided us with some more information on the status of Melbourne - Melbourne, in point of population, is the seventh city of the Empire. The six which stand before it are London, Calcutta, Bombay, Glasgow, Liverpool and Manchester. If the cities of the whole world are included, Melbourne has to be content with twenty-fifth place (3).

By the end of the nineteenth century it seems that it was established that we were the seventh city of the Empire, but it wasn't always that. In 1887 we were the fifth amongst the Capital cities of the Empire according to a report in The Age (4) and in 1891 we were listed as the fifth or sixth in the world with this colonialist and racist proviso Setting aside the mere collections of native population in India, Melbourne is to-day the principal city of the empire outside of the mother islands, and having achieved that position, the task will now be to maintain it (5).

We went into the 1900s firmly in seventh place - by 1906 The Argus reported that our population of 515,350 was less then the following cities of the Empire -  London, Glasgow, Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham and Sydney (6). Our seventh status was reported on in 1913 and 1927. However, there was one dissenting report in 1917 which put us at eighth spot behind London, Glasgow, Manchester, Birmingham, Liverpool, Sydney and Cairo (7).

In 1934, the centenary of Victoria' s European settlement  we were still the seventh city, but a few papers did honestly report that we were the seventh largest city in the Empire containing a white population (8).

The claim to be the seventh largest city was repeated in 1942 in reports of the centenary of the incorporation of the City of Melbourne. However,  a year later there were glowing reports that our status as the seventh city was based on pre-war populations and  by virtue of a great increase in population in the last two years, it might now rank as the fourth city in the Empire, with a population greater than that of Bombay, Glasgow or Birmingham (9). The last mention I can find of our status as the seventh city of the Empire is in 1953 (10).

I love this poster, although I understand that the status of Melbourne as the seventh largest city of the British Empire can only be valid if the population of 'non white' cities such as those in India are ignored or dismissed. It's not as if these population figures were hard to come by - even in 1911, the rural newspaper, Mildura Cultivator, had a very comprehensive list of  population figures of Australian and cities around the world. They listed the most populous cities of the British Empire (11)
Greater London - 7,252,963.
Calcutta - 1,031,206.
Bombay - 977,822.
Manchester, including Salford - 960,990.
Glasgow - 881,505.
Liverpool - 767,606.
Sydney - 617,102.
Melbourne - 591,830.
Birmingham - 570,113.
Montreal - 500,000.

The claim that Melbourne is the seventh city of the Empire is a product of the times and  I think we just need to enjoy the image and graphics of the poster, which has both the Victorian Railways logo and the City of Melbourne logo on it, so it was clearly produced by the Government for tourism purposes.

The artist, Percy Trompf (1902-1964), was  a commercial artist who produced many posters for the Australian National Travel Association and the Victorian Railways. He was born in Beaufort in Victoria, served in the Air Force in World War Two and while President of the Rotary Club of Camberwell he helped establish the Camberwell Art Show. You can read his entry in the Australian Dictionary of Biography, written by Kate Spearritt and Peter Spearritt, here.

As a postscript - the reference on this poster to Melbourne being the seventh city of the Empire reminds me of the claims over the past few years that Melbourne was the worlds 'most livable city', and I think it was Red Symons, back when he was on ABC radio, who said that Melbourne is the world's most self-congratulatory city and it clearly has been for at least 130 years.

Trove list - I have created a list of articles on Trove which have a reference to Melbourne being the Seventh City of the Empire, access it here.

Footnotes
(1) The Age May 29, 1888, see here.
(2) The Herald August 5, 1896, see here.
(3) Weekly Times February 13, 1897, see here.
(4) The Age June 18, 1887, see here.
(5) The Argus May 13, 1891, see here.
(6) The Argus May 1, 1906, see here.
(7) Corryong Courier, July 5 1917, see here.
(8) The Age July 19, 1934, see here.
(9) The Herald July 7, 1943, see here.
(10) The Age, January 9, 1953, see here.
(11) Mildura Cultivator, November 15, 1911, see here.