Showing posts with label World War One. Show all posts
Showing posts with label World War One. Show all posts

Thursday, September 22, 2022

Sister Muriel Instone - World War One Nurse

Muriel Annie Linda Instone was born at Riversleigh, Thornbury, New Zealand on April 22, 1878 to Matthew and Emily (nee Brodrick) Instone. Matthew was a partner in the firm of Whittingham Bros & Instone - importers, merchants and commission agents who had offices at Thornbury, Riverton  and Invercargill (1). In 1903 she is listed in the Electoral Roll as a nurse at the Homeopathic Hospital.  The Homeopathic Hospital was renamed Prince Henry's Hospital in 1934. Muriel completed her training in 1905 and also successfully passed her Royal Victoria Trained Nurses' Association examinations in the December (2).  Muriel's Attestation papers also note that she trained at the Women's Hospital and she had both a General certificate and  a Midwifery Certificate. She also had experience in private nursing in Dunedin and Victoria and in private hospitals. (3).  

Nurses who have recently left for the Front - Muriel Instone

In 1909 to 1913 the Electoral Rolls show that Muriel, and initially her sister Daphne who was also a nurse, were living at 16 William Street, South Yarra. In 1914 her address is I.Y.U., Pakenham.  The I.Y.U. run  in Pakenham was taken up in 1839 by Dr W. K. Jamieson. It was originally nearly 13,000 acres.  In 1849, William Waddell took over the pastoral lease and after his death his widow, Annie purchased the pre-emptive right section plus other land. Mrs Waddell built a large brick house, pictured below,  on the property in 1858 and this would have been where Muriel was living when she was on the property. The property at that time was around 4,800 acres.(4). 

I.Y.U.  Homestead, where Muriel was a private nurse. 
The house was  built in 1859 and destroyed by fire around 1929.
Image: In the Wake of the Pack Tracks (see footnote 4)

According to the Shire of Berwick Rate books, Robert and Constance (nee Etches) Staughton took over I.Y.U. in 1913/1914, which by then was only 2,000 acres. The Staughtons had four young children (5) and presumably Muriel was helping to care for them or another family member. In March 1915 the entire family came down with ptomaine poisoning or food poisoning and needed medical assistance, so they were fortunate they had  an experienced nurse on hand. 


The Staughton family suffer from food poisoning
Dandenong Advertiser March 4, 1915 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article88662306

Muriel enlisted in the Australian Army Nursing Service on May 1, 1915 and embarked on the Mooltan on May 18, 1915. She was 36 years old. Her next of kin was her mother of Dunedin, but 'in case of accidents' they were to inform Mr R. G. Staughton, of I.Y.U., Pakenham. Muriel served in hospitals in England, France and Egypt. She was promoted from the rank of Nurse to that of Sister in May 1919.  She Returned to Australia on the Konigen Luise on December 19, 1919.(6).


Muriel's next of kin on her Attestation paper (image has been cropped)
National Archives of Australia www.naa.gov.au
First Australian Imperial Force Personnel Dossiers, 1914-1920

When Muriel was still in England, and still with the Australian Army Nursing Service she undertook a three month motor driving and workshop course at Mansions Motor Training Garage in London from June to September 1919. It was reported that she made good progress on her course and passed satisfactorily (7).  Jane Eleanor Turner, another Army Nurse, also trained at Mansions, before her return after the War, you can read about her, here. It appears that driving and basic car maintenance was a skill that was thought useful for Army Nurses after they returned to civilian life. 


Group portrait of the staff of No. 1 Auxiliary Hospital, 
1st Australian General Hospital, Heliopolis, Egypt
Muriel is third row from front, fourth from left. 
Australian War Memorial - see all the names here - https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C206870

Muriel returned to Melbourne in 1920 but I cannot find her in the Electoral Rolls.  However, in 1924 she had to sign for the receipt of her three military medals and as you can see from the image below, her witness (or was it where she was living?) was Robert Staughton of Angelala of St Kilda Road, Melbourne. Angelala was at 546 St Kilda Road. 


Receipt for Muriel's medals
National Archives of Australia www.naa.gov.au
First Australian Imperial Force Personnel Dossiers, 1914-1920

At some stage Muriel returned to  New Zealand  and she was registered on April 30, 1930 as a Maternity Nurse (8).  Two years later, on April 23, 1932 Muriel attended a reunion of  returned Army nurses at Anzac House. The newspaper report notes that amongst those in attendance was Miss Instone, who has just returned from New Zealand (9). Muriel died on  October 11, 1932 (10) aged 54 and is buried at Fawkner Cemetery.

Muriel's death notice in The Argus
The Argus October 12, 1932 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4502833

At a later Army Nurse reunion her sister, Daphne (11) sent flowers in memory of her sister, Muriel. 


Flowers sent in memory of Muriel to the Returned Army Nurses reunion. Daphne's married surname was actually Grimwood, not Greenwood. 
The Argus, April 27, 1937  http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article11059579


Footnotes

(1) Birth notice (see below); New Zealand Births, Deaths and Marriages  https://www.bdmhistoricalrecords.dia.govt.nz/search ; Whittingham Bros & Instone - multiple references in newspapers on Papers Past https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/

Muriel's birth notice

(2) R.V.T.N.A results - The Argus, December 26, 1905, see here.
(3) Muriel's Attestation papers from the National Archives of Australia   https://recordsearch.naa.gov.au/SearchNRetrieve/Interface/ViewImage.aspx?B=7366162
(4) Berwick Shire Rate Books; In the Wake of the Pack Tracks:  a history of the Shire of Berwick now the City of Berwick and the Shire of Pakenham, published by the Berwick Pakenham Historical Society, 1982
(5) Their children were - Stephen Allen (born 1904); Millicent Mary (1905); Frank Harold (1908) and George Robert (1911) 
(6) Attestation papers, see Footnote 2.
(7) Ibid
(8) Ancestry.com - Nurses and Midwives Register of New Zealand, 1903-1933
(9) The Age, April 25, 1932, see here.
(10) Interestingly her death notices in the New Zealand papers list her date of death as October 10, 1932. 

Muriel's New Zealand death notice

(11) Kate Daphne Brodrick Instone was born in 1883 and married Charles William Grimwood in Perth in November 1912. See her marriage notice in The Argus of November 30, 1912, here.


This is a revised and expanded version of a post, which I wrote and researched, that appears on my work blog, Casey Cardinia Commemorates: Our War Years.

Thursday, September 15, 2022

Staff-Nurse Jane Eleanor Turner

Jane Eleanor Turner was born in Lysterfield on October 27, 1887 to Josiah Stansfeld Milne Turner and his wife and Lucy Ida (nee Billington) (1).  Soon after her birth, the family moved to a sheep and cattle farm on Kilcunda Road, at Bena, although the address was sometimes listed as Kongwak. It was here  where Jane's six sisters were born - Hester Lucy (1889), Sara Elizabeth 'Bessie' (1894), Bon (1896), Violet May (1898), Ruby Alison (1900) Marjorie Ada (1905) (2).

Jane's birth notice

Jane undertook her nursing training at the Heathcote Hospital and completed her examinations  in November 1914, she was then required to serve out her Probationary period until April 1915. Her sister Bon commenced her nursing training at Heathcote in June 1914. It appears that both sisters suffered from Typhoid during early 1915 and were granted leave to recover and they returned home to Bena. It also appears from reports in the papers that they did not want to return to the Hospital. Jane is reported to  have asked if it was necessary for her to return and make up the time as her probationary period had nearly expired. Their mother had apparently also told the Hospital Secretary that Bon would not be returning. To either compound the situation or to explain it, in February 1915,  their parents wrote to the Hospital Board and complained about the matron's dogs being allowed in the institution, and strongly expressing the opinion that a hospital is no place for same; also drawing attention to the bad state of the tank water, caused by the supply being supplemented by reservoir water. The Matron's response was that the letter was written with a view to creating unpleasantness and also that she was overworked and wished to resign, which she did. (3). Jane and Bon did not return to Heathcote and Bon completed her training in May 1919 at Colac (4). I have no information as to where Jane worked between leaving Heathcote and enlisting to serve overseas.

Jane Eleanor Turner successfully passes her Victorian Trained Nurses' Association examinations.
Bendigonian December 29, 1914 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article92054275

Jane enlisted in the Australian Army Nursing Service on July 13, 1917 at the age of 29 (5).  The Great Southern Advocate (6) reported  that on July 23 -
A very successful farewell social was tendered to Staff-nurse Turner, of Kilcunda Road on Monday night by some of her many Friends, prior to taking her departure for Salonika to fulfil military duties. Mr F. Bunn, on behalf of the residents, on presenting Nurse Turner with a handsomely engraved set of solid silver brushes, mirror and comb and a purse containing a considerable amount of money, said that he was in a position to know that their guest possessed many fine qualities as he had known her from childhood, and he felt very proud of her.

Messrs Tulloch, Hennessy, Timms, Poyser and Miss Timms also expressed their appreciation of the worth of Miss Turner. The evening was occupied with dancing, interspersed with songs and recitations. An excellent supper was supplied by the ladies, and it was midnight when the large gathering wished Nurse Turner "God speed and safe return" and dispersed. (7). 

Jane embarked from Sydney on August 31, 1917 and was assigned at the 31st General Hospital at Abbassia, Cairo where she commenced duty on October 5, 1917. Jane left Abbassia on June 13, 1918 and arrived at Salonika, Macedonia nine days later where she was assigned to the 52nd General Hospital and later to the 42nd and 43rd General Hospitals. During this time she was admitted to hospital with Influenza (8).

On March 3 1919, Jane departed Salonika for England. After arriving in London, she was granted leave to attend a Motor Driving course at the Mansions  Motor Training Garage. She finally left England on August 9, 1919 to return to Australia, arriving on September 27 (9).  As  a matter of interest, Sister Muriel Instone also undertook training at Mansions  before her return to Australia, so it appears it was a skill that was thought useful for Army Nurses when they returned to civilian life. I have written about Muriel Instone, here.

Staff-Nurse Turner was welcomed home at a function held at the Bena Mechanics' Institute on Friday October 10. Once again the Great Southern Advocate (10) reported on the function - 
Welcome Home to Nurse Turner -
The Bena Mechanics' Institute was crowded to the doors on Friday evening last when a public welcome home was tendered to Staff-Nurse Turner, just recently returned from active service. Nurse Turner has seen two years' service in Egypt, two in Salonica (11). and some time in England, but despite the fact that she has gone through all the many hardships involved in the arduous life of a Red Cross nurse she has returned looking exceedingly strong and well. 

The night's proceedings began with a most impressive tableau in which Nurse Turner stood on the platform clasping the hand of Corporal G. Young, who was in uniform, and carried the Australian
flag, whilst Mr Roy Boyd sang "The Rose of No Man's Land." A very fine collection of musical talent had been got together, and the large audience highly appreciated each item.  The artists who kindly assisted were Messrs Walker, Pratt, Hungerford, Stowe and Mitchell, of Korumburra; and a local party comprising Messrs Kirk, C. Bunn, Roy Boyd and Miss Blake. Mr Walker fairly "brought the house down" with his humorous recitations, and was repeatedly called back for "more." Fortunately he was possessed of a good quantity of items, and, like his famous namesake, was "still going strong" to the end of the entertainment. The accompaniments were suplied by Miss Morey and Mr Mitchell.

At the conclusion of the musical programme, Mr Whittet called upon Nurse Turner, for the purpose of  presenting her with an inscribed gold medal, in honor of her return. Nurse Turner's appearance on the stage was the signal for a most enthusiastic demonstration by the large gathering present, who  greeted her with great applause. Mr Whittet spoke at some length on the good work done on active service by Nurse Turner, and all Red Cross nurses, congratulating Nurse Turner on her safe return and good health; and trusted she would live long in the freedom she had helped to gain.

When the medal had been presented Regimental Sergt. Major Wuchatsch, on behalf of the Returned  Soldiers' association, presented Nurse Turner with a writing case as a token of appreciation and esteem. Speeches of welcome were also made by Messrs Tulloch, T. Foristal and Chapman. The audience then rose and sang " For She's a Jolly Good Fellow." Nurse Turner responded, thanking all present for their kindness and emphasising her pleasure at being back home with them once more .A most enjoyable supper was then served, after which the floor was cleared for dancing.

The Chairman of the evening (Mr Rogers) left no stone unturned to ensure the function being a success and in this he was ably assisted by Mr Herb. G. Fuller (hon. secretary) and a most energetic committee. Before the evening ended a hearty vote of thanks to the performers who had assisted in its success was carried by acclamation. 

We can trace Jane's life after she returned home through her address in the Electoral Rolls (12).  In 1921 Jane was living with her parents in Green Street, Ivanhoe. In 1925, she was working at the Warley Hospital in Cowes; in 1926 she was nursing at the Tempy Bush Nursing Hospital. Later that year, Jane was in the Electoral Roll  at Koo Wee Rup and working, I assume, in the Hospital. A Bush Nursing Hospital had opened in the town in July 1918 and in May 1923 a new Fallen Soldiers Memorial Hospital was opened in Station Street. Jane was still in Koo Wee Rup in 1927. In in 1928 she was working at the newly opened Murrabit Bush Nursing Hospital (13) and by 1931 she had returned to live in the family home in Green Street, Ivanhoe.  Her father, Stansfeld Turner had passed away at Ivanhoe in September 1927 (14) and her mother, Lucy, in November 1937 (15).  The next address I can find is in 1943, where Jane is living in Kew. In 1949 she had returned to Heathcote, the town where she had undertaken her nursing training, and was living with her sister, Bon Tranter. In 1954 Jane was at Melvin Street in Frankston and this is where she died on May 28, 1957, aged 69 (16). 


Jane's death notice
The Age, May 29, 1957 page 19.

Footnotes
(1) Indexes to the Victorian Births, Deaths and Marriages; Birth notice in The Leader November 5, 1887.
(2) Kilcunda Road, Bena/Kongwak address came from this report of a party at their house in the Great Southern Advocate, August 8 1895, see here. Farming activities - advertisement for a sale of one of their Alderney bulls in the Great Southern Advocate January 16, 1891, see here and report of sale of their sheep Weekly Times, March 30 1912, see here. Indexes to the Victorian Births, Deaths and Marriages.
(3) McIvor Times, February 4, 1915 see here; McIvor Times, March 4, 1915, see hereMcIvor Times, April 8, 1915, see here; McIvor Times, May 6, 1915, see here; McIvor Times, August 5, 1915, see here.
(4) Bon Turner - her successful application to be a Probationer Nurse at Heathcote Hospital is from the McIvor Times June 4, 1914, see here. Bon Turner's completion of her nursing exams at Colac comes from The Age, June 28, 1919, see here.
(5) First Australian Imperial Force Personnel Dossiers, 1914-1920, see here.
(6) Great Southern Advocate, July 26, 1917, see here.
(7) Great Southern Advocate July 26, 1917, see here.
(8) As per Footnote 5.
(9) As per Footnote 5.
(10) Great Southern Advocate October 16, 1919, see here.
(11) They have mistakenly reported that she was away for four years - it was two years.
(12) Electoral Roll available on Ancestry.com
(13) Murrabit Bush Nursing Hospital - The Advocate, February 3, 1927, see here  
(14) Stansfeld Turner's death notice was in The Argus, October 1, 1927, see here.
(15 Lucy Turner's death notice was in The Age, November 24, 1937, see here.
(16) Jane's Death notice was in The Age May 29, 1957. Jane was cremated at Springvale.


Jane's Probate Legal notice
The Age June 17 1957 p.9



This is a revised and expanded version of a post, which I wrote and researched, that appears on my work blog, Casey Cardinia Commemorates: Our War Years.

Saturday, September 10, 2022

Sister Norah Lehman and Sister Aileen Lehman

The Cranbourne Avenue of Honour was officially opened on August 9, 1919 (1).  The Avenue represented 59 men and two women, Sister Norah Lehman and Sister Aileen Lehman. Norah and Aileen  both served in the Australian Army Nursing Service, during World War One.

They were the daughters of George John Lehman and Catherine 'Kate' Mary O'Connell who married in Adelaide in 1877. George and Kate had five children in Burra in South Australia - Stanley Hocking (born 1878), George Reginald (1879), Norah Blanche (1882), Ethel (1884) and Aileen (1886). The next daughter, Cathleen Kate, was born in 1888 in Queensland, then daughter Ada was born in 1892 in Dandenong and their last child, Sidney James was born in 1893 in Adelaide (2)

George Lehman took over the licence of the  Bridge Hotel in Dandenong in February 1889 (3).  An article in the South Bourke and Mornington Journal in  May 1893 noted that the Lehmans had resigned their interest in the licence of the Bridge Hotel. Mrs. Lehman's name was synonymous with attention, civility and good liquor. It is not improbable that they may return to Dandenong (4). This was prophetic as the same paper reported on July 1, 1896 that the Lehmans had returned to the Bridge Hotel which had been thoroughly renovated (5).   I presume, as their last child. Sidney, had been born in Adelaide that they had returned to South Australia in the intervening three years. The Lehmans operated the Hotel until the end of 1901 (6).

The family were later living in Malvern East where John  was a stock dealer (he worked for a stock and station agent) and they were in  Dandenong Road, East Caulfield when Norah and Aileen enlisted in June 1915. In the 1917 Electoral Rolls  George and Kate were at Springmeadows in Cranbourne and his occupation was grazier. At some stage they went back to Malvern East and that's where George died on July 27, 1932 at the age of 77. Catherine died on January 1, 1941 at her son's house in Moonee Ponds; it was her youngest son's house, Sid, who was a Doctor (7).

Norah and Aileen both undertook three years of training at the Melbourne General Hospital and had also successfully undertaken the Royal Victorian Trained Nurses Association examinations. They remained at the Melbourne Hospital for some years after their training (8). In March 1911, Norah was appointed as Head Nurse at the Albury Hospital and Matron in the July.  She was joined in March 1912 by  Aileen, who was appointed as a nurse. In May 1913, they resigned from Albury Hospital (9).  The South Bourke and Mornington Journal reported on the function held for Norah and Aileen when they left Albury Hospital -
To show their appreciation of the matron (Miss Lehman) and her sister (Miss A. Lehman) a number of their friends assembled in the hall of the Albury Hospital recently. The gathering took the form of a "surprise party." Mr F. C. Blacklock presided at the function, which was very enjoyable....Mr Blacklock expressed regret at the departure of the Matron and Sister Lehman, they having at all times been most ready to do anything in their power to alleviate the sufferings of the poor and the sick. He felt sure that everyone present was sorry to lose such a splendid matron. She had endeared herself to the patients and the nursing staff; and to show in some tangible form their good feelings towards the Misses Lehman, they had gathered together, and he would ask Mr F.B. Hunter, on behalf of the Misses Lehman's friends in Albury, to make the presentation. Mr Hunter, in a very happy speech; said it gave him great pleasure to present to Miss Lehman a well filled purse of sovereigns. Miss Lehman, who was greatly affected, thanked the friends for their kindness, and said it had always it given her pleasure to do what she could.

Mr Chubb also presented to the matron, on behalf of the nurses, a travelling rug, clock, and volume of poems, and to Sister Lehman an exquisite scarf and a copy of Shakespeare. Miss Lehman responded on behalf of herself and sister, and said she had been in many hospitals, and considered the Albury committee should feel proud of the nursing staff. Mr H. E. Noble then presented Miss A. Lehman on behalf of her lady friends, "The Bathers," with a valise. Mr F. B. Hunter responded on behalf of Miss A. Lehman. A dainty supper was provided by the ladies and served by the nurses. The gathering was brought to conclusion by the company singing "For They are Jolly Good Fellows," and "Auld Lang Syne."
(10).

Whilst she was at the Albury Hospital, Norah wrote this interesting letter to The Argus in February 1912, in support of  a fellow nurse.


Norah's letter, transcribed below.

Norah's letter - 
Sir, Allow me to protest, through your valuable paper, at the treatment meted out to one of the nurses at the Melbourne Hospital recently one who was dismissed on account of participating in a harmless   practical joke. I am surprised at the narrow minded spirit of the committee in dismissing her for so trivial offence. Kindly allow me to state that whilst I was at the Melbourne Hospital a period of five years there was hardly a nurse who did not indulge in a similar joke (and the hospital, I make bold to add, has turned out many a fine nurse not withstanding). I think the nurse should be reinstated, Yours
NORAH LEHMAN, Albury, Feb 15  (11).

I am unsure what they did immediately after leaving Albury but in March 1915 they were in Tallangatta where they operated the small private hospital, the Tallangatta Cottage Hospital. When the Tallangatta Hospital was opened the local paper reported that -
The institution was opened last week by Sisters Lehman (2) and Slade; all of whom hold the Melbourne Hospital certificate. The Misses Lehman are well-known in this district, through their having acted as matron and sister respectively in Albury Hospital for two years. Miss Slade, who holds special certificates for midwifery work, is also known hereabouts through being a sister of the Rev. Frank Slade, who some years ago (before taking up divinity studentship) was manager of Dr. Thwaites's pharmacy at Tallangatta. The nurses are prepared to take medical, surgical and midwifery cases. Boasting a new and up-to-date building in healthy surroundings, and with such fully qualified nursing skill available, the Tallangatta Cottage Hospital will no doubt attract many patients who have been in the habit of going further afield for treatment. (12).


Norah and Aileen and their nursing colleagues, shortly leaving for the Front


Aileen (left) and Norah Lehman from a group photo of Nurses with our Expeditionary Reinforcements


Norah and Aileen left Tallangatta and enlisted in the Australian Army Nursing Service on June 24, 1915. Norah was 31 and  Aileen was 27. They embarked  on the Orsova, on July 7, 1915 (the same day as Florence Vines, who I have written about, here) Aileen served in France and suffered from pleurisy and was sent back to Australia on medical grounds, as exposure to cold made her condition worse; she Returned to Australia on July 17, 1917 (13). On November 17, 1917 Aileen married Cecil Paul Best at Kew. It was a short lived marriage, which produced a son, James, born in 1919 (14).  As you can see from the article, below, Aileen was a highly regarded nurse during her time on active service. 


This lovely tribute to Aileen appeared in 1918
Dandenong Advertiser October 17, 1918  http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article88816352


Norah served in France at the various Hospitals and in January 1917 was Mentioned in Despatches for her distinguished and gallant service and devotion to duty. Norah Returned to Australia on April 19, 1919 (15).

Norah Lehman's honour.
National Archives of Australia www.naa.gov.au
First Australian Imperial Force Personnel Dossiers, 1914-1920


Norah and her fellow nurses of 2nd Australian General Hospital (2AGH), France, 
 on  May 11, 1918. 
Norah is eighth from left in the back row.
Australian War Memorial - see all the names here https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C286514


Both Norah and Aileen are listed on the Electoral Roll in 1919 at Springmeadows, Cranbourne.  Norah had  new battle to fight - the influenza epidemic. The South Bourke and Mornington Journal reported in the July -
A wave of influenza has claimed many residents as victims, which has necessitated the shire council taking over the vicarage (by kind permission of the Church authorities) as an emergency hospital. Sister N. Lehman has been appointed in charge, and is being ably assisted by Nurses Rechie and King. The hospital at present is full and all patients are progressing nicely (16). 
A year later in June 1920, the Cranbourne Shire Health Inspector reported on the local response to the Influenza epidemic and noted that - 
at Cranbourne, an emergency hospital in the capable hands of Sister Lehman, lately returned from the war, was opened and was the means of saving more than one life (17). 

In the 1920s the sisters lived in East Malvern with their parents and other family members and both Norah and Aileen  continued to work as Norah was single and had to support herself and Aileen had her son to support.  Their occupations in the Electoral Rolls are a Nurse or a  Sister and from 1924, Norah has the occupation of an Inspectress; she was in fact a Health Inspector for the St Kilda Council. Aileen also worked for the same Council as a nurse at the Baby Health Centre. 

There were two articles in the newspapers which give us an indication of  the type of work Norah undertook in her role at the City of St Kilda and of the issues she faced including likely push-back from boarding house owners against rule enforcement and secondly the emotional toll of seeing people living in squalor. This is from The Age in February 1925 in  a report on the City of St Kilda annual health  report - 
The boarding-house regulations had been enforced very efficiently by Sister Lehman, who had many difficulties to contend with. Often a big sum had been paid for ingoing without the buyer having any idea of the large amount to be spent before buildings could be  registered as first-class boarding houses (18). 

From the The Argus in January 1930 -
The health inspectress (Sister N. Lehman) reported to the council as follows: - "I visited 6 Beaconsfield parade at 12 o'clock  on the afternoon of January 22, accompanied by Mr Irvine, and found a serious condition of over crowding, detrimental to the health, and against all regulations. I estimated 20 adults and 40 children who were all accommodated in a house registered for 20 persons. Nine children and one mother were in a room which should accommodate one person. Every available space had a bed, even the garage. The children were eating at a table - no chairs, and some sitting on the floor, which was in a filthy state. The whole condition of the premises was in a most undesirable state. The yard was in a very bad state. There were no dust bins and the one lavatory cistern was out of order. The people were in such numbers as to be a menace." (19).

In spite of her good work, Norah actually earnt only 60 percent of the salary of her male counterpart, as you can see from this article below. The annual salary of the male Health Inspector ranged from £382 to £400 and her annual salary from £228 to £240. Also as you can see her sister, Aileen Best,  worked for the Council, she was the Assistant Nurse at the Baby Health Centre (20). 


Salaries City of St Kilda staff in 1929 - both Norah and Aileen were employed by the Council.
Prahran Telegraph October 11 1929 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article165009264

 Aileen died in December 12, 1953 aged 68. The death notice in The Argus listed her as  late first A.I.F and the mother of Dr Jim Best  and the grandmother of three. Norah Lehman died on May 24 1949 and this obituary, below,  appeared in the Dandenong Journal. (21).


Obituary of Norah Lehman.
Dandenong Journal June 8 1949 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article222210880

Norah and Aileen Lehman were well trained and highly skilled nurses and health care professionals, who served their country during the First World War and were held in high regard by their colleagues and patients


Trove list -  I have created a list of newspaper articles on the Lehman family, click here for access.

Footnotes
(1) South Bourke & Mornington Journal, August 21 1919, see here
(2) Family details - Indexes to the Victorian and Queensland Birth, Deaths and Marriages; Genealogy SA https://www.genealogysa.org.au/
(3) The Argus, February 22, 1889, see here.
(4) South Bourke & Mornington Journal, May 10 1893, see here.
(5) South Bourke & Mornington Journal, July 1, 1896. see here.
(6) South Bourke & Mornington Journal, January 1 1902, see here.
(7) Electoral Rolls on Ancestry; Death notices - The Argus, January 28, 1932, see here; The Argus, January 2, 1941. see here.
(8) Training listed on their Attestation papers (see Footnote 13 for links). Royal Victorian Trained Nurses Association - see formation of in The Argus July 6, 1901, here and Nursing entry in EMelbourne https://www.emelbourne.net.au/biogs/EM01071b.htm All nurses had to undertake and pass RVTNA examinations alongside their training in hospitals.
(9) Albury Banner, March 17, 1911, see here; Albury Banner, July 21, 1911, see here; Albury Banner, March 15, 1912, see here; South Bourke & Mornington Journal, May 8, 1913, see here.
(10)  South Bourke & Mornington Journal, May 8, 1913, see here.
(11) The Argus, February 20, 1912, see here.
(12) Upper Murray and Mitta Herald, March 11, 1915, see here.
(13) Attestation papers from the National Archives of Australia - Norah, see here; Aileen, see here.
(14) Marriage notice of Aileen Lehman
(15) Attestation papers - see footnote 12.
(16) South Bourke & Mornington Journal, July 31, 1919, see here.
(17) South Bourke & Mornington Journal, June 10, 1920, see here.
(18) The Age, February 18, 1925, see here.
(19) The Argus, January 29, 1930, see here.
(20) Prahran Telegraph, October 11, 1929, see here.
(21) Death notices - The Age, May 25, 1949, see here; The Argus, December 14, 1953, see here.

This is a revised and expanded version of a post, which I wrote and researched,  that appears on my work blog, Casey Cardinia Commemorates: Our War Years.

Saturday, July 23, 2022

World War One Soldiers with a connection to Officer

The Officer Public Hall has an Honour Board from the First World War. It was unveiled on Saturday, November 16 1918, in front of a large gathering of residents, according to a report in the Pakenham Gazette. The report notes Like most districts in Victoria, Officer has done its share in providing men who were willing to go overseas to fight for the British flag, and to maintain that liberty and freedom so dear to every Britisher.....The Honor Roll, which was given by Mrs Brunt, sen., is of tasteful design and is constructed of Australian blackwood, on which the names have been painted in gold lettering. You can read the full report in the Pakenham Gazette of November 22, 1918, here. A supplementary report with some updated details,  was published in the next edition of the Pakenham Gazette, here. There are 40 names on the Honour Board and ten of the men were killed whilst serving.


Officer Honour Board at the Public Hall

There is another memorial to soldiers in Officer and that is the War Memorial Gates at the Recreation Reserve. They were unveiled on November 11, 1951 (Armistice Day) in front a crowd between 300 to 400 people. This event was reported in the Pakenham Gazette of November 16, 1951. The plaques record the names of ten local men who died in the First World War and five who died in the Second World War. 

What follows is a list of the First World War soldiers on the Honour Roll and Memorial gates, plus  some others with an Officer connection, their fate (i.e. when they Returned to Australia after active service or when they were Killed in Action) and their Service Number (SN) so you can look up their full service record on the National Archives website (www.naa.gov.au).

The book Officer Primary School, No. 2742 Centenary 1886 - 1986 written by Eileen Williams was very useful in helping to identify the soldiers and is referred to as the Officer Primary School book. 

Beadel, Percival Thomas (SN 820)  Percival enlisted on March 29, 1915 at the age of 19. He was a labourer and his next of kin was his mother, Mary Beadel  (later Maybury), of Officer. Percival Died of Wounds on January 17, 1917 - he had suffered multiple gun shot wounds to the abdomen and thigh. Percy is also listed on the Officer Recreation Reserve Memorial Gates. Percy is the cousin of Albert Moss, listed below.


Report of the death of Percival Beadel

Bell, Thomas Stanley (SN 3773) Thomas was a 23 year old labourer when he enlisted on August 12, 1915. His next of kin was his mother, Mary Ann Bell, whose address was St Germains, Clyde. A notation on his file said that his father was 'not recognized'. Thomas Returned to Australia October 18, 1917 and was discharged on medical grounds in January 1918 - Gun shot wound to the thorax. Thomas was also honoured at Cardinia in 1917 when a memorial grove of trees was planted at the Cardinia State School. You can read about this, here.  He is also listed on the Cranbourne Presbyterian Honour Board, see here

Boase, Arthur Leslie (SN 7213) Arthur enlisted on August 2, 1915 at the age of 26 and his next of kin was his mother, Mrs H. Jolly of Garfield.  He was discharged on September 16, 1915 due to suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis. He re-enlisted in July 1916 for ‘home’ not active service, but was discharged again on November 7, 1916. Obviously he was very persistent as he enlisted for the third time on November 10, 1916. He was sent to England but Returned to Australia on September 27, 1917 and was discharged as medically unfit on February 1, 1918 as he suffered from bronchitis.  At the time of the second enlistment he was living in Officer and by the time of the third enlistment he was married to Linda and still living in Officer. Arthur is also listed on the Garfield State School Honour Roll, see here.

Brown, P   Cannot specifically find a P. Brown from Officer, although he is listed on the Honour Board.  There is a Percy Brown (SN 2111) from Beaconsfield Upper and a Percy Brown (SN 7211) from Pakenham, so possibly one of those. I cannot find  a Brown in the Electoral Roll at Officer nor is there a Brown listed in the list of pupils from Officer Primary School book, so Mr P. Brown is a bit of  a mystery at the moment

Bromley, John (SN 1171)
Bromley, Harold (SN 22094)
Bromley, Norman John (SN 20024)
John was 44 when he enlisted on May 4, 1917. He was a farrier and his enlistment papers said he had already served 394 days in the AIF, but had not served abroad. He was sent overseas but Returned to Australia March 16, 1918 suffering from bronchitis and pleurisy. John and his wife, Susan, were living at Officer when their two sons, Harold and Norman, enlisted. The boys both enlisted on June 28, 1915 - Harold was a 22 year old engine driver and Norman was a 19 year old farrier. Harold Returned to Australia June 21, 1919 and Norman in January 1920. Norman married Florence Louise Batchelor in England on August 27, 1919.

Brunt, Archibald Andrew (SN 101) Archibald enlisted January 11, 1915. He was a 21 year old farmer. Archie Returned to Australia December 18, 1918.
Brunt, Trevor William (SN 358) Trevor enlisted at the age of 24 on August 20, 1914. Lieutenant Brunt Returned to Australia March 5, 1919.
Archie and Trevor were the sons of William and Sarah (nee Buckland) Brunt. William was the son of Ralph and Mary Jane (nee Funston) Brunt of Gin Gin Bean, Officer.

Clements, John William Henry (SN 5995)  John was a 26 year old teacher at Officer State School when he enlisted on June 10, 1916. His next of kin was his father, Robert, of North Fitzroy. John Returned to Australia September 25, 1919.


Letter from the Education Department to John Clements giving him permission to enlist.
National Archives of Australia www.naa.gov.au
First Australian Imperial Force Personnel Dossiers, 1914-1920


Davies, Alan Cathcart.   Lieutenant Davies was 25 when he enlisted on July 8, 1915. Alan Died of Wounds on April 25, 1918. Alan is also listed on the Officer Recreation Reserve Memorial Gates.
Davies, Basil Rayner (SN 804). Basil enlisted on February 25, 1916 at the age of 24. He Returned to Australia April 5, 1919. He was awarded the Military Medal. Alan and Basil were farmers from Officer working for Mr J. D. Patterson of Jesmond Dene, Officer.  Their next of kin was their mother, Jessie, of Toorak.


Report of Alan Davies' death
South Bourke & Mornington Journal May 9, 1918  http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article66193949

Drummond, A.     I don't know who this is, he is listed on the Honour Board.  I cannot find him in the Electoral Roll at Officer nor is he on the list of pupils from Officer Primary School. I thought he might be connected to the family, below, but I cannot trace an A. Drummond  with the parents listed below.

Drummond, Daniel George (SN 3082) Daniel enlisted on July 12, 1915 at the age of 27, he was a farmer and his next of kin was his mother, Margaret, of Officer. He married Annie Hopkirk in Scotland before he Returned to Australia April 13, 1919. Daniel was granted a Soldier Settlement farm, you can read his file, here. For some reason Daniel, is not on the Officer Honor Roll.
Drummond, Walter Neil (SN 2571) Walter enlisted at the age of 18 on June 28, 1915. He was a Blacksmith. His next of kin was listed as his father, William, of Officer. Walter Returned to Australia April 13, 1919. Walter is also listed on the Nar Nar Goon Honour Board, see here
Drummond, William John (SN 2902) William enlisted on January 31, 1916 at the age of 29. He was a baker and his next of kin was his father, William Peter Drummond of Harkaway. He Returned to Australia on September 5, 1919. William was also granted a Soldier Settlement farm, you can read his file here. I presume he is the J. Drummond listed on the Honor Board. 
Daniel, Walter and William are the sons of William and Margaret (nee Duncan) Drummond. Daniel was born in Mitta Mitta and William and Walter were born in the neighbouring town of Eskdale. I presume that William and Margaret moved from Officer to Harkaway in 1916. 

Gregson, Arthur Henry (SN 1552)  Arthur was born at Officer and he enlisted on October 6, 1914. He was a 30 year old bushman and his  next of kin was his father of Fitzroy. Arthur Returned to Australia October 17, 1916 and was discharged on medical grounds - DAH - Disordered action of the heart, a stress syndrome. [If you are looking for Arthur's Service Record on the National Archives of Australia website then they have his Service Number incorrectly listed as 1597]

Handley, C   I cannot find a C. Handley with an local connection (or a Hanley in case the name was spelt incorrectly), nor can I find a Handley who went to school at Officer or a Handley at Officer in the Electoral Roll - so another mystery, even though he is listed in the Honour Roll.

Harris, Claud Alfred (SN 12451)  Claud enlisted on February 2, 1916 at the age of 25. He was a mechanic. His next of kin was his mother, Rosetta Harris, of Edgevale, Beaconsfield Upper. Claud Returned to Australia February 5, 1920. His parents, Solomon and Rosetta Harris are in the Electoral Roll at Officer in 1909. Claud and  his sisters Isa, Lucy, Marian, Ethel and May are listed as starting as pupils at the Officer State School between 1890 and 1900.

Heggart, Edward John (SN 3858)  Edward enlisted on July 10, 1915 at the age of 22. His next of kin was H. Heggart - his father according to the Embarkation Rolls and his brother according to his enlistment paper. It was actually his brother Harry who was living at Officer at the time with his wife, Edith, according to the Electoral Rolls. Their parents were Thomas and Ellen Heggart.   Edward was Wounded in Action (gun shot wound right leg and left forearm) in November 1916 and Returned to Australia December 4, 1918.

Hulett, Charles Franklin 'Frank' (SN 5690) Frank was born in Officer and was 26 year old electrician - an unusual occupation for the time, he worked at the City Council electric light supply-  when he enlisted on March 23, 1916. His wife, Ivy,  was his next of kin and her address was Chelsea. Frank was Killed in Action in France on August 9, 1918. According to the death notice, Frank and Ivy had two children 'little Charlie and Ivy'.


Death notices for Frank Hulett

Hunter, A   Another mystery person listed on the Honour Board.  I cannot find a A. Hunter (or any Hunter for that matter) with an obvious local connection.

Johnson, Raymond James (SN 2013) Raymond was born at Officer but was living in Lilydale when he enlisted on March 16, 1917 at the age of 24. He was an Assistant Station Master. His next of kin was his father, James. Raymond Returned to Australia July 1, 1919.


William Johnston, killed in action November 12, 1916.
Image: Australian War Memorial

Johnston, William (SN 4740) Incorrectly listed as Johnstone on the Honour Board and the Memorial Gates at the Recreation Reserve. William, born at Bacchus Marsh, was 43 when he enlisted on February 1, 1916 and his next of kin was his wife, May, of Officer. William was Killed in Action in France on November 12, 1916. William is also listed on the Officer Recreation Reserve Memorial Gates.

Kenworthy, Lindsay (SN 1816) Lindsay was 19, an assistant salesman, when he enlisted on March 21, 1916. His next of kin was his father, Ben, of Officer. His Dad later changed his address to Mansfield House, Berwick. Lindsay was Wounded in Action in September 1917 - a gun shot wound to his right leg which was amputated.  He Returned to Australia December 13, 1918.


A report on the wounding of Lindsay Kenworthy - a great favorite and 
a smart, capable and good living lad.
Mildura Culivator, October 20, 1917 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article74806601


Lecky, James Alexander (SN 19922) James enlisted on February 25, 1916 at the age of 25. He died of 'wounds received in action' in France on November 14, 1918. The wound was a gun shot wound to the chest, which he sustained on October 25 1918.
Lecky, William Mervyn (SN 6612) William enlisted on June 15, 1915 aged 20. He was killed in Action in France on September 1, 1918.
James and William were the sons of James Lecky of Cardinia Park in Officer. James (1841 -1939) was a Cranbourne Shire Councillor from 1876 until 1905. Their grandfather, also James (1802 - 1884) had taken up the Gin Gin Bean Run (later named Cardinia Park) at Officer in 1846 and he was a member of the Cranbourne Road Board and the Cranbourne Shire from 1860 until 1881. Lecky Road in Officer/Pakenham is named for the family. The boys are also listed on the Cranbourne Presbyterian Church Honour Roll, see here;  the Officer Recreation Reserve Memorial Gates and are also listed on the Cardinia State School Honor Board and were honoured by a tree in the Memorial Grove planted at the School, see here

Lever, Harry (SN 2833)  Harry was 21 and a farmer from Officer, when he enlisted on October 31, 1916. His next of kin was his sister, Nellie, of South Yarra. Harry Returned to Australia August 27, 1919.

Maxwell, Henry Charles Kempson (SN 1923)  Henry enlisted on February 16, 1917 at the age of 26. He was a grazier. He Returned to Australia May 6, 1919. When Henry enlisted his next of kin was his wife Eileen Josephine Maxwell,  c/o G. Tavener, Kerang and Henry's address was Moondah Park, Longreach in Queensland. However on another page of his enlistment papers his address is Luckham, Officer.  Henry is listed in the Electoral Roll at Cardinia in 1914 with a Harriet Lucy Maxwell. Harriet was his mother, he married Eileen (nee Tavener) in 1917.

From Henry Maxwell's service record, showing his address at Officer.
National Archives of Australia www.naa.gov.au
First Australian Imperial Force Personnel Dossiers, 1914-1920

McMahon, John Peter Daniel Muldrick (SN 4151)   John and his siblings, Eileen, Leslie and Albert are listed in the Officer Primary School book. As the book calls him Jack, that's what we will call him. Jack enlisted on October 15, 1914 according to the Nominal Roll, October 15, 1915 according to the Embarkation roll or January 18, 1916 according to his date on his 'oath of enlistment' in his service record. Jack embarked March 7, 1916.  He was a 20 year old carpenter when he enlisted. Jack Returned to Australia September 25, 1919. His parents were John and Mary Ann (nee Muldrick). Mary Ann died in 1912, her death is registered at Berwick.

Moss, Albert (SN 6150) Albert was 18, a labourer, when he enlisted on August 27, 1915. His address was Officer, he was living with his aunt, Mary Maybury, but his next of kin was his father who lived in London. Mary Maybury is the mother of Percival Beadel, listed above. Albert married Kathleen  Abram on May 5, 1919 before he Returned to Australia July 26, 1919.

Nichols, A Not sure who this is - I cannot find an A. Nichols (or Nichol, Nicholls, Nicholl, Nicols, Nicol etc ) with a connection to Officer or neighbouring towns. Nor is there a Nichols listed in the Officer Primary School book or a likely candidate in the Electoral Rolls, so Mr Nichols, listed on the Honour Board, remains a mystery at the moment.

O'Brien, Henry James  (SN 3369) There is a Henry James O'Brien in the 1914 Electoral Roll at Officer, occupation Railway employee, so based on this information I decided that serviceman No. 3369 was 'our man' and this was confirmed by a letter in his file from his wife in February 1919 to Base Records, asking  where her husband was. Mrs H.J. O'Brien's address was Officer, Gippsland.  Henry enlisted on July 13, 1915, he was an Assistant Station Master, born in Kensington and his next of kin was his father, John, of Flemington. Henry Returned to Australia January 25, 1919, so he was on the boat when Mrs James wrote her letter.


Letter from Mrs O'Brien asking where her husband, Henry,  was.
National Archives of Australia www.naa.gov.au
First Australian Imperial Force Personnel Dossiers, 1914-1920
                           

Osborne, James Patrick (SN 2733) James was 36 when he enlisted on August 2, 1915. He was Killed in Action in France on August 19, 1916. James' next of kin was his mother, Bridget, of 'Lower Beaconsfield'  - I hadn't heard of Lower Beaconsfield before, I presume it was to distinguish the town on the railway line from Upper Beaconsfield and not  a location south of Beaconsfield,  but as it is next to Officer, I believe I have the right person. James is also listed on the Officer Recreation Reserve Memorial Gates.


Death notice of James Osborne
The Advocate, September 30, 1916 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article151841014


Peterson, Frederick Victor (SN 4056) Fred was an 18 year old driver when he enlisted on March 23, 1915. Fred Returned to Australia November 20, 1918.
Peterson, Oscar Frederick (SN 12407) Oscar was 43 when he enlisted on May 2, 1916. He had been born in Sweden, was a storekeeper and the father of Frederick. Oscar Returned to Australia March 25, 1919. Fred and Oscar's next of kin was their mother/wife Elizabeth, of the General Store, Officer. Oscar and Elizabeth are in the 1914 Electoral Roll at Officer and they obviously operated the General Store together. Their employee, Leonard Whittney, also enlisted in the War, see below.

Pryor, William Alfred Ernest (SN 26734) William was obviously known as Ernest, so that's what we will call him. The 1914 Electoral Roll had an Ernest and Mary Jane Pryor listed at Officer in 1914, so I knew what the Officer connection was, it just took  some time to find his service record under William.  Ern enlisted on January 3, 1916 at the age of 29. He had listed his next of kin as his daughter, Violet, but his brother Thomas of Warwick in Queensland was also listed because Violet was a child. Mary Jane had died August 14, 1915 and Violet was their only child. Violet was born in 1907, had enrolled at Officer State School in 1913 and her guardian was Mrs Ellen Wilding of Canterbury. Sadly, Ern was Killed in Action in France on April 8, 1917. Ern is also listed on the Officer Recreation Reserve Memorial Gates,  although his name is incorrectly listed as Prior.


Report of Ern Pryor's death
Pakenham Gazette May 18, 1917  http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article92155590

Rix, Henry James (SN 10918)  Henry, a farmer,  enlisted on July 19, 1915 at the age of 29. His next of kin was his father, Henry John Rix, of Fairview, Officer. Henry Returned to Australia May 25, 1919, but before he returned he married Mabel Hill in Liverpool, on May 8, 1919. They were both 35 years old at the time (which doesn't tally with his age at enlistment, but never mind) and he was listed as being a widower. Rix Road in Officer is named for the family.

Sackett, Edmond Herbert (SN 1138)  Edmond was a 19 year old farmer when he enlisted on June 20, 1915. His next of kin was his mother who lived in Kent in England. He worked on a farm at Officer, Luckham, the same property as Harry Maxwell, listed above.  Edmond was Killed in Action in France on October 8, 1918.

Edmond Sackett's Roll of Honour entry.

Skellett, Albert John Kempson (SN 997) As he is listed as K. Skellett, I presume he was called  Kempson (his mother's maiden name), so this is what we will call him. Kempson enlisted on February 24, 1915 at the age of 26. He was a farm manager and his next of kin was his mother, Mary, of Clunes. Kempson Died of Wounds on April 20, 1917, having being shot in the abdomen. What was the connection to Officer? I don't know, but he is the only Skellett on the Roll of Honour at the Australian War Memorial;  he was born in Picton in New South Wales and between 1914 and 1917 he is listed in the Electoral Rolls at Clunes, as a battery employee.  I am presuming he managed a farm in the area.  Kempson is also listed on the Officer Recreation Reserve Memorial Gates.

Waldon, H   There are two H. Waldons who enlisted - Harold Victor, a printer from New South Wales and who enlisted in N.S.W and Harry Mansfield a 21 year old horse driver, who was born in Western Australia and enlisted in W.A. Neither of them seem likely candidates to be on the Officer Honour board. There are also no H. Waldrons that I can find with an Officer connection, the Electoral Rolls were no help,  so this man is another mystery.

Were, Clive Wellington (SN 521) Clive enlisted on August 17, 1914  at the age of 25 and was Killed in Action at Gallipoli on April 25, 1915. His next of kin was his father, who lived in Hawksburn, in Melbourne and as we can see by his obituary, below, he had  a farm at Officer. Clive is also listed on the Officer Recreation Reserve Memorial Gates.


Clive Were's obituary

Whiteside, Thomas Clair (SN 2821) Known as Clair. Clair was born in California and his father was the Presbyterian Minister at Berwick.  Clair was  a 21 year old orchardist when he enlisted on July 17, 1915. He Returned to Australia December 4, 1918. The family lived on Whiteside Road at Officer or Beaconsfield Lower as it was sometimes listed in his service record. Thomas went back to the family farm after the War and was also a Shire of Berwick Councillor for ten years. Thomas' daughter, Elizabeth, has complied her father's letters and they were published as A Valley in France : World War I letters to his parents and sister while on Active Service from Egypt, France and Great Britain, 1915-1918. 

Whittney, Leonard James (SN 3935) Leonard enlisted on July 22, 1915 at the age of 35. His occupation was storekeeper. Leonard was born in Kapunda in South Australia and his next of kin was his father, who also lived in South Australia. Leonard Died of Wounds (compound fracture of the skull) on February 13, 1917. What was his connection to Officer? Leonard worked at the Peterson's store (see Fred and Oscar Peterson's entry above) and this is confirmed by a letter Elizabeth Peterson wrote to Army Records asking for an address for Leonard and she wrote inter alia he enlisted from our house in Officer.  Leonard  is also listed on the Officer Recreation Reserve Memorial Gates, although his name is incorrectly listed as Whitney.

Elizabeth Peterson's letter about an address for Leonard Whitney.
National Archives of Australia www.naa.gov.au
First Australian Imperial Force Personnel Dossiers, 1914-1920

Williams, Thomas Henry (SN 5776) Thomas was born at Officer, attended Clyde State School, and enlisted on February 14, 1916 at the age of 26. He was a farm labourer and his next of kin was his mother, Sarah Ridgway, of Clyde. Thomas died on April 18, 1917 when he was a Prisoner of War, held by the Germans.

Woods, Frederick  (SN 5773)  Frederick enlisted on March 14, 1916. He was  25 year old sawyer and his next of kin was his wife, Hazel. Fred was born at Officer. He Returned to Australia January 25, 1919.


A version of this post, which I wrote and researched, appears on my work blog, Casey Cardinia Commemorates: Our War Years